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Film Screen Image Acquisition, Processing, and Image Analysis > Intensifying Screen > Flashcards

Intensifying Screen Flashcards

1
Q

it acts as a transducer and converts x-ray energy to light which exposes the radiographic film

A

intensifying screen

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2
Q

intensifying screen is made of

A

polyester with an active layer containing phosphors

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3
Q

it is normally mounted inside the cassette in pairs for use with double emulsion-film

A

intensifying screen

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4
Q

contact between the screens and film must be perfect; poor contact results in?

A

localized loss of recorded detail, localized blurring on the image

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5
Q

it is a rigid, light-tight container that holds the screens and film in close contact

A

cassette

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6
Q

it is used to transform film for use without exposing the film to room light

A

cassette

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7
Q

when loading a cassette, top should not be fully opened in order to prevent dust and formation of artifacts. how much can you open a cassette

A

2-3 inches

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8
Q

a metal frame with low atomic number and radiolucent front

A

cassette front

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9
Q

composition of cassette front

A

magnesium, bakelite or carbon fiber

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10
Q

a compression layer and maintains proper film-screen contact

A

contact felt

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11
Q

a light-tight seal that is completed by a snap or latch hinges; black felt is used in its older styles

A

hinges

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12
Q

it is a lead foil that absorbs backscatter

A

cassette back

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13
Q

composition of a cassette back

A

manganese and lead

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14
Q

they use thinner backsides

A

phototiming and AEC cassettes

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15
Q

layers of intensifying screen

A

base, reflective layer, phosphor layer, protective coating

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16
Q

it is the thickest part layer of intensifying screen and provides support to the phosphor layer

A

base

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17
Q

size of the base of an intensifying screen

A

1 mm or 1000 micrometer

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18
Q

base of an intensifying screen is made up of?

A

high grade carboard, plastic or polyester

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19
Q

thickness or size of reflective layer

A

25 micrometer

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20
Q

it serves as redirecting of light toward the film and intercepts light photons headed in other direction and redirects them to the film

A

reflective layer

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21
Q

composition of a reflective layer

A

magnesium oxide and titanium oxide

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22
Q

how much could reflective layer have crossover effect?

A

30% or more

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23
Q

it is also called crossover control layer and is designed for rare-earth screens and green-sensitive films

A

anti-crossover layer

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24
Q

designed for single-emulsion films such as mammographic films

A

anti-halaiton layer

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25
size of phosphor layer in intensifying screen
150-300 micrometer
26
crystal size of phosphor layer
5-15 micrometer
27
it is the active and most important layer of intensifying screen as it emits light during stimulation by x-ray
phosphor layer
28
ability to give off visible light
luminescence
29
ability of phosphor to give off light only while exposed to x-ray and is important to radiography
fluorescence
30
continue to emit light even after x-ray exposure has ceased or stopped and produces afterglow or screen lag
phosphorescence
31
characteristics of a good phosphor
detective quantum efficiency, conversion efficiency, spectral matching, minimum afterglow/lag
32
ability of the phosphor to convert x-ray into light
conversion efficiency (CE)
33
ability of the phosphor to interact with x-ray
detective quantum efficiency (DQE)
34
specific color that the phosphors emit must match with the spectral sensitivity
spectral matching
35
this is insignificant in radiography but is used in fluoroscopy
minimum afterglow/lag
36
thickness of protective coating
10-20 micrometer
37
it gives physical protection to the delicate phosphor layer and provides a surface which can be handled and cleaned without damaging the phosphor
protective coating
38
it prevents static build up and is transparent to x-ray
protective coating
39
phosphor materials
calcium tungstate, barium lead sulfate or barium flurochloride, zinc sulfide, rare earth
40
calcium tungstate is introduced by
Thomas A. Edison
41
this phosphor material responds well to x-rays
calcium tungstate
42
this phosphor material is used with blue-sensitive films and has globular grains
calcium tungstate
43
calcium tungstate's broad band emissions?
blue, indigo, violet
44
other term for barium lead sulfate
barium flurochloride
45
it is used for producing high-speed screens and for high kVp techniques; used for decreasing patient dose
barium lead sulfate or barium flurochloride
46
this phosphor material is used in fluoroscpic screens and responds well with low intensity radiation
zinc sulfide
47
this is used for high resolution imaging
zinc sulfide
48
it is more efficient in converting x-rays to light and needs less x-ray energy to provide the same energy conversion as calcium tungstate
rare earth
49
it is used for green-sensitive films and has tabular grains; it only has one color of specific emissions
rare earth
50
intensifying screen factors
type of phosphor used size of phosphor crystal size reflective layer absorbing layer and dye in phosphor
51
standard intensification factor
30 to 50
52
most common method of designating screen speed
relative speed value
53
rsv that requires 5 micro Roentgen to produce speed point
200 rsv
54
test for screen-film contact
wire-mesh test
55
technical factors for wire-mesh test
150 kV, 100 mA, 50 ms, 36 in SID
56
transitory for screen-film contact, more obvious in the serial changing film cassette
air trapping
57
used to identify stain
uv light
58
cleaners for screens
antistatic cleaner
59
fluid or substance used in cleaning screen to shorten drying time
70% isopropyl alcohol or 95% alcohol
60
material used for cleaning screens for even cleaning
cotton balls

Film Screen Image Acquisition, Processing, and Image Analysis (6 decks)

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