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Film Screen Image Acquisition, Processing, and Image Analysis > Film Processing > Flashcards

Film Processing Flashcards

1
Q

x-ray image changes the latent image to a visible image that is made permanent for handling, viewing and storage

A

processing

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2
Q

refers to the image that exists on film after it has been exposed but before it has been processed

A

latent/potential image

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3
Q

black metallic silver image

A

visible/manifest image

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4
Q

factors to produce image

A

technical factors, positioning, processing

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5
Q

indirectly proportional to the chemicals for processing

A

time

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6
Q

in automatic processing, an increased time results to ?

A

decrease of chemicals

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7
Q

in manual processing, a decreased time results to ?

A

increase of chemicals

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8
Q

converts exposed silver bromide crystals (latent image_ to BMS (visible image)

A

developer solution

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9
Q

clears and removes unexposed silver bromide crystals and stops the development as it hardens the emulsion

A

fixer solution

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10
Q

removes chemicals remain on film

A

water

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11
Q

it is carried over the top of the tanks into the water drain

A

overflow solution

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12
Q

temperature of manual processing system

A

70 farenheit

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13
Q

processing steps of film

A

wetting
developing
rinsing
fixing
washing
drying

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14
Q

swells emulsion for photon penetration to SHC

A

wetting

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15
Q

incorporated with wetting because developer solution has wetting component

A

developing

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16
Q

produces visible image from latent image

A

developing

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17
Q

“stop-bath” and stops the developing action as it removes excess chemical from the emulsion

A

rinsing

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18
Q

incorporated with rinsing and removes remaining silver halide crystals from emulsion and hardens gelatin

A

fixing

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19
Q

rehardens emulsion for handling, viewing and storage for archival and removes unexposed SHC outside collimator

A

fixing

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20
Q

removes chemicals with water

A

washing

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21
Q

removes water and prepares radiograph for vewing

A

drying

22
Q

term for an excess fixer or silver sulfide stain

A

hyporetention or thiosulfate retention

23
Q

it is a cascade compartment type and has a developer tank, fixer tank and 2 wash tanks for initial and final washing. it uses hyponeutralizer as well

A

processing system tanks

24
Q

it has electrons that reduce SHC

A

developer

25
Q

these are given to film when developer is oxidized

A

electrons

26
Q

its function is convert latent image to manifest image

A

developing

27
Q

meaning of redox

A

reduction-oxidation

28
Q

meaning of europe

A

electrons are used in reduction, oxidation produces electrons

29
Q

combination of chemicals to make effect more powerful and an activity of each individual component of reducing agent in solution is less that the activity when two components are combined

A

superadditivity/synergism

30
Q

a small amount of fixer (0.1 ml) carries over to the developer will render it ineffective (fog)

A

developer contamination

31
Q

temperature for processing

A

20 degrees celcius or 68 farenheit

32
Q

it can be caused by evaporation or old or exhausted developer and has a strong ammonia odor

A

oxidized developer

33
Q

meaning of c.t.t.

A

concentration, time, temperature

34
Q

factors that may affect the finished radiograph

A

concentration of processing chemicals
degree of chemistry agitation during development
development time
development temperature

35
Q

components of development solution

A

phenidone
hydroquinone
elon/metol
pq
mq
sodium carbonate/hydroxide or potassium carbonate/hydroxide
potassium bromide/iodide or sodium bromide/iodide
sodium sulfite or cycon
glutaraldehyde/dialdehyde
benzothiozole or benzothiosulfate
edta, chelates, calgon
distilled water
bleach 5%

36
Q

its primary functions is to remove, dissolve, clear away undeveloped SHC from the film

A

fixing

37
Q

to permanent the latent image or the exposed and already developed crystals

A

fixing

38
Q

term for a formation of silver complex of thiosulfate

A

monoargento-dithiosulfuric acid

39
Q

secondary functions of fixing

A

to stop development process
to harden the emulsion further

40
Q

components of fixer solution

A

acetic acid/sulfuric acid/boric acid
ammonium thiosulfate or sodium thiosulfate
potassium alum/chrome alum/al chloride
sodium/potassium sulfite or cycon
borate salts
acetic acid, silver nitrate and solvent
distilled water

41
Q

factors that affect the use of fixer

A

fixing agent used
concentration of the fixing agent
temperature of the solution
presence of hardener
film material used
agitation of the film
exhaustion of the fixing bath

42
Q

indicator may be caused by developer temperature too high, developer overreplenishment, fixer contamination of developer; white light leak; crack in safelight filter; outdated film, processor improperly mixed

A

dark films and fogged films

43
Q

may be caused by developer temperature too low; developer underreplenishment, processor running too fast, exhausted developer, developer improperly mixed

A

light films

44
Q

contamination of developer by fixer (chemical fog), developer or fixer underreplenishment

A

pinkish/dichroic stain

45
Q

may be caused by inadequate washing

A

brown sulfate/thiosulfate

46
Q

insufficient hardener in developer

A

emulsion removed by developer

47
Q

dirty processor rollers, inadequate washing and drying

A

streaks

48
Q

inadequate drying

A

water spots

49
Q

inadequate washing

A

films appear greasy

50
Q

algae in wash water

A

dark flakes

Film Screen Image Acquisition, Processing, and Image Analysis (6 decks)

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