Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Film Screen Image Acquisition, Processing, and Image Analysis > Components of Developer and Fixer and its Functions > Flashcards

Components of Developer and Fixer and its Functions Flashcards

1
Q

build gray tones and interacts with film, also acts as speed indicator and is principal component as it provides intermediate density, sensitive to light and temperature

A

phenidone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

build black tones and provides upper scale density; sensitive to oxygen

A

hydroquinone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

added to hydroquinone in manual processing and is a reducing agent

A

elon/metol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

15x supperadditivity than mq (phenidone + hydroquinone)

A

pq

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

a reducing agent used for manual processing (elon/metol + hydroquinone)

A

mq

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

swells emulsion and allows reducing agent to penetrate to the emulsion by swelling

A

sodium carbonate/hydroxide or potassium carbonate/hydroxide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

strongest alkali/lye

A

sodium hydroxide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

maintain pH and a source of alkali (9.6-10.6)

A

buffering agent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

speeds up the development process and allows the reducers to attack the AgBr crystals after swelling

A

accelerator

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

facilitates the swelling of gelatin

A

activator

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

decrease and maintain level of Ph, provides the necessary alkaline medium owing to the hydroxide

A

alkanizer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

stimulate uniform development by reducing surface tension

A

wetting agent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

this chemical has components of restrainer, regulator, anti-foggant and starter solution

A

potassium bromide/iodide or sodium bromide/iodide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

protects the unexposed SHC

A

restrainer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

controls the activity of the reducers

A

regulator

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

prevents development fog

A

anti-foggant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

added only to a fresh developer solution

A

starter solution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

chemical that has components of preservative, stabilizer, anti-oxidant

A

sodium sulfite or cycon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

prevent rapid aerial oxidation

A

preservative

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

promote equilibrium of chemicals

A

stabilizer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

prevents rapid chemical oxidation, reacts with quinone and is capable of staining the film and form colorless compound called hydroquinone monosulfate

A

anti-oxidant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

a hardener or tanning agent used for automatic processing only; added for developer solution to prevent swelling of emulsion

A

glutaraldehyde/dialdehyde

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

prevents damage to emulsion during transport

A

glutaraldehyde/dialdehyde

24
Q

a weak/temporary hardener component

A

developer

25
Q

a strong/permanent hardener component

A

fixer

26
Q

an organic restrainer added only to pq developer; prevent action of phenidone on the unexposed crystals since phenidone is not restrained by bromide

A

benzothiozole or benzothiosulfate

27
Q

year first roller transport system used hardener

A

1956

28
Q

meaning of edta

A

ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid

29
Q

meaning of calgon

A

sodium hexametaphosphate

30
Q

chelates meaning

A

boric acid/salts

31
Q

a sequestering agent and oily substance that prevent precipitation of aluminum and calcium and forms a sludge in the bottom of the tank

A

edta/chelates/calgon

32
Q

a solvent that dilutes and concentrates the chemicals for proper strength

A

distilled water

33
Q

a chemical that has components of fungicide, anti-frothant, replenisher

A

bleach 5%

34
Q

inhibit growth of fungi

A

fungicides

35
Q

prevent bubble formation and aerial oxidation

A

anti-frothant/anti-foaming

36
Q

high in reducers, activator and preservative but w/o restrainer, can return the chemical activity to the original

A

replenisher

37
Q

chemical that has algaecide and is added to wash tank

A

bleach 6 ounces

38
Q

cause of exhaustion of fixer

A

dilution of water being carried into the tank from the second stage
increasing alkalinity brought by the carry over the alkaline developed
accumulation of the silver complexes which retard the clearing action of the thiosulfates
decreasing acidity
loss of hardening power
oxidation of the sodium sulfite

39
Q

a stop bath or acid rinse bath recommended to neutralize the alkaline developer but is rarely used

A

acetic acid/sulfuric acid/boric acid

40
Q

provides the necessary acid medium

A

acidifier

41
Q

neutralizes the developer and stops the development action

A

neutralizer

42
Q

maintains pH level (4.2-4.9)

A

vuffer

43
Q

chemical that contains clearing agent and fixing agent components

A

ammonium thiosulfate or sodium thiosulfate

44
Q

dissolves and clears away unexposed SHC

A

clearing agent

45
Q

permanents the image

A

fixing agent

46
Q

chemical that contains hardener, tanning agent, permanenting agent

A

potassium alum/chrome alum/al chloride

47
Q

shrinks and hardens the emulsion

A

hardener

48
Q

increases temperature at which the gelatin softens

A

tanning agent

49
Q

permanents the image

A

permanenting agent

50
Q

chemical that contains preservative, anti-oxidant and stabilizer components

A

sodium/potassium sulfite or cycon

51
Q

prevents deterioration of chemicals and helps maintain chemical balance

A

preservative

52
Q

internal and external oxidation

A

anti-oxidant

53
Q

maintains the equilibrium of the chemical in the solution

A

stabilizer

54
Q

chemical that contains sequestering agent and hyponeutralizer components

A

borate salts

55
Q

an anti-sludging agent which delay precipitation of Al hydroxide (alkaline) by increased pH

A

sequestering agent

56
Q

solution used between fixing stage and the final washing cycle to decrease the washing time of the film to prevent hyporetention

A

hyponeutralizer

57
Q

a chemical used to determine the presence of thiosulfate on processed films

A

hypokit/acetic acid, silver nitrate and solvent

Film Screen Image Acquisition, Processing, and Image Analysis (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions