Intelligence, Personality, and Morality

Question 1

What area is crucial for intelligence, personality, and morality?

Answer 1

Frontal lobe (with participating others)

Question 2

Silent Lobes

Answer 2

Frontal Lobes, known recently as quiet and hard to link to any function

Question 3

Three divisions of the frontal lobe

Answer 3

Prefrontal lobe
Premotor cortex
Motor cortex

Question 4

Which division of the frontal lobe is concerned with intelligence, personality, and morality?

Answer 4

Prefrontal

Question 5

Three ways to define prefrontal cortex

Answer 5

1. non-motor areas
2. granular frontal cortex (layer 4 for thalamic input)
3. Projection zone of the dorsal medial nucleus of the thalamus: important for intercommunication selective attention

Question 6

5 regions of the prefrontal lobes

Answer 6

1. lateral (side)
2. medial (midline)
3. dorsal (top)
4. ventral (bottom)
5. orbitofrontal (ventromedial but behind the eyes)

Question 7

DLPFC receives what inputs

Answer 7

where, dorsal

Question 8

VLPFC

Answer 8

when, ventral

Question 9

Fluid intelligence

Answer 9

Problem solving

Question 10

Crystalized Intelligence

Answer 10

Accumulated knowledge

Question 11

Imaging suggests what about intelligence?

Answer 11

It is connected to size of, activity within, and efficiency of various neural networks

Question 12

Blue prefrontal network

Answer 12

task-positive: problem solving, fluid intelligence, controlling actions

dorsolateral prefrontal cortex
posterior pariteal cortex
dorso anterior cingulate cortex

Question 13

Purple prefrontal networks

Answer 13

default mode: social cognition, emotional self-awareness, and moral choice making

dorsomedial prefrontal cortex
ventromedial prefrontal cortex
hippocampus & posterior cingulate cortex

Question 14

What is the relation between IQ and prefrontal networks?

Answer 14

Anti-correlation in use: either one of the other means higher IQ

Question 15

Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex/DLPFC

Answer 15

blue, task-positive
* forms plans of action
* stores short-term memory
* directs top-down attention

Question 16

Posterior pariteal cortex/PPC

Answer 16

Blue, task-positive
* bottom-up attention controller

Question 17

Dorso anterior cingulate cortex/dACC

Answer 17

Blue, task-positive
* activity monitor, flags errors

Question 18

Two experiments for task-positive

Answer 18

1. Wisconsin Card Sorting: not told how to organize but told when right or wrong
2. Stroop test: subjects are asked to
   name the ink color that color words are printed in when the ink color and word meaning are the same or conflict

Question 19

Dorsomedial prefrontal cortex/DMPFC

Answer 19

default mode
theory of mind

Question 20

Ventromedial prefrontal cortex

Answer 20

default mode

w/ amygdala: emotional control
w/ temporal parietal junction: morality

Question 21

Hippocampus & posterior cingulate cortex

Answer 21

default mode

papez circuit: episodic memory

Question 22

How is personality reflected in the brain?

Answer 22

Some of certain areas

Question 23

Temporal parietal junction/TPJ

Answer 23

Intuitive moral judgements

Question 24

What may be the basis of empathy?

Answer 24

TPJ mirror neurons

Question 25

DLPFC syndrome

Answer 25

loss of fluid intelligence
apathy

Question 26

OFC syndrome

Answer 26

emotional swings
egocentric, antisocial
lack of empathy