Intelligence Ch 10 Flashcards
Exam 3
The variable capacity that underlies individual differences in reasoning, solving problems, and acquiring new knowledge is referred to as BLANK
intelligence
Blank proposed that intelligence reflects the biological capacity for mental quickness and sensory acuity.
Galton
Blank regarded intelligence as a loose set of higher order mental abilities that can be increased by schooling. his tests used school related questions and problems.
Binet
Binet-Simon Intelligence Scale
Blank correlates moderately well with school grades and job performance. such correlations are commonly used as indices of Blank validity.
IQ Scores
IQ
A test is BLANK if it measures what it is intended to measure.
Valid
Blank proposed that Blank, or g, is a single factor that contributes to all types of mental performance. Overall mental ability.
Spearman
general intelligence
Blank argued that general intelligence consists of two factors - Blank and Blank
Cattell
Fluid and Crystal intelligence
Blank is the ability to perceive relationships among stimuli independently of previous specific practice or instruction concerning those relationships, draw inferences & comprehend their implications (test identifieying similarities). This is biologically based. Increase during childhood to early 20’s
Fluid Intelligence
This is the mental ability derived directly from previous experience (tests of knowledge) in vocabulary, social reasoning. Gradually learned. Increase until mid 50’s then levels off or decreases.
Crystallized intelligence
modern measures of this correlate significantly with IQ. Blank may contribute to intelligence through effects on working-memory capacity.
Mental Quickness
Blank proposed that the efficiency of mental self government accounts for individual differences in intelligence. These people can control their mental resources in a way that allows for efficiency in problem solving.
Sternberg
Blank may have been selected for in human evolution because it helps us deal with novel problems.
General Intelligence
Blank refers to a persons genetic inheritance.
nature
Blank refers to the entire set of environmental conditions to which the person is exposed.
nurture
The primary psychological difference in debate for the nature-nurture question are:
differences in personality, in susceptibility to mental disorders and espcially in intelligence (IQ)
Blank is the degree to which variation in a particular trait within a particular population of individuals stems from genetic differences as opposed to environmental differences. This is estimated using biometrical genetics. THIS IS ONLY AN ESTIMATE.
Heritability
Binet believed that BLANK increases with age across childhood and adolescence
intelligence
The two types of items tested must be done with no class bias to be effective, they are:
completely novel content (not exposed to prior) and universally familiar content
This intelligence test has 13 scales, created by Blank and tests both Adults and children with relatively simple questions.
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) by David Wechsler
Blank is a statisticular technique to identify the dimensions (specific abilities) needed to account for the intercorrelations among variables (scales)
Factor Analysis
blank correlates to each other positively.
mental abilities
mental abilities are
verbal comprehension, perceptual orgainization, processing speed and working memory
Blank comprehension gets better with age.
Verbal
These three mental abilites improve in younger age.
perceptual organization, processing speed and working memory
blank adults are much quickerat learning new things but they don’t know as much as blank adults.
younger
older
Binet described children’s intelligence using Blank
mental age
Today we calculate IQ via blank. This is all representative to where you fall in terms of other people your age.
deviation IQ (based on normal distribution - 1 standard deviation=15 IQ pts)
These are examples of Blank: IQ scores are hightly stable across time, IQ scores predict academic achievement and IQ scores predict job performance
Reliability of IQ
IQ scores especially blank predict job performance in occupations that demand frequent processing of complex and novel information, such as Blank. But they are not very reliable for Blank type jobs.
g component
physician, lawyer, business executive
repetitive functions (line processor)
People with blank IQ scores burn blank brain glucose doing familiar tasks
high, less
people with blank IQ scores burn blank brain glucose doing novel tasks
high, more
blank lobe volume relates to higher IQ
frontal
Blank also plays a part in IQ scores due to enriched living arrangements
environment
heritability or h squared ranges between blank and blank.
0 and 1.0
the standard heritability of IQ in children is Blank and in adults, blank
.50
.70
A heritability score of .00 =
all differences between people are due to differnces in the environment
A heritability score of 1.0 =
all differences between people are due to differences in genes
