Emotions Ch 3, 6, 14

Question 1

Darwin noted that humans and animals automatically communicate moods & behavioral intentions to one another through BLANK, BLANK and BLANK.

Answer 1

Body postures, movements, and facial expressions.

Question 2

The six basic human emotional expressions are BLANK. They are evolutionary set within us. They are universal world wide.

Answer 2

Suprise, fear, disgust, anger, happiness, sadness

Question 3

derived from or developed in response to organisms of the same species; useful to make inferences about the evolutionary origins of species typical behavior

Answer 3

Homologous

Question 4

having similar function but a different structure and origin; not useful for tracing evolutionary origins but are useful for making inferences about the ultimate functions for species typical behaviors

Answer 4

Analogous

Question 5

Two types of smiles in humans:

Answer 5

genuinely happy (Duchenne) and showing favorable disposition towards a person (this one does not entail happiness at all)

Question 6

turning up of the corners of the lips and pulling in of the skin near the outside corners of the eyes is which smile type?

Answer 6

genuinely happy (creates crows feet, sparkly eyes) aka Duchenne smile

Question 7

This smile type involves the lips alone, not the eyes

Answer 7

favorable disposition (false smile or greeting smile)

Question 8

a subjective feeling that is mentally directed toward some object. Motivates behavior and guides choices.

Answer 8

emotion

Question 9

The BLANK of an emotion may be a person, thing, or even, real or imagined but always somethign that is in some way meningful to the one who experiences emotion. This is what causes the emotion.

Answer 9

object

Question 10

The BLANK associated with emotion, independent of the object is referred to by some psychologists as affect

Answer 10

Feeling

Question 11

Emotional feelings that are not attached to objects and that last for a sufficiently long period are called BLANK

Answer 11

Moods

Question 12

8 Primary emottions arranged as four pairs of opposites are:

Answer 12

joy v. sorrow, anger v. fear, acceptance v. disgust, and surprise v. expectancy

Question 13

Most emotional states are accompanied by BLANK changes in the body.

Answer 13

peripheral

Question 14

Peripheral changes include:

Answer 14

heart rate, BP, gland activation, etc

Question 15

William James’ believed that Blank preceeded Blank and was actually the cause.

Answer 15

bodily reactions

emotions

Question 16

This theory of emotion is not only dependant upon senory feedback pertaining to the body’s response but also on the person’s perceptions and thoughts about the environmental even that presumable evoked that response.

Answer 16

Schachter’s Cognition-Plus-Feedback Theory (two factor theory of emotion)

Question 17

According to Eckman, sensory feedback from facial expressions contributes both to BLANK and to the production of the BLANK that accompany emotions.

Answer 17

emotional feelings

Full body reactions

Question 18

Research of the brain’s emotional systems has focused particularly on two structures:

Answer 18

amygdala and prefrontal portion of the cerebral cortex

Question 19

BLANK is a cluster of nuclei buried underneath the cerebral cortex in the temporal lobe is part of the limbic system. Brain’s early warning system. Receives stimulus input from all the body’s sensory systems, performs rapid assessments of the input and alerts the brain and body if it judges that some sort of whole-body or behavioral reaction may be called for. Unconscious emotional responses.

Answer 19

amygdala

Question 20

Two methods the amygdala receives sensory input are

Answer 20

subcortical route and cortical route

Question 21

BLANK analyzes incoming information even before that information has been processed by senosory areas of the cerbral cortex.

Answer 21

subcortical route

Question 22

BLANK analyzes in more detail, information that has been processed by the cerebral crotex.

Answer 22

cortical route

Question 23

As a result of removal of part of the amygdala. No longer respond fearfully to objects that had previsoulsy frightened them or aggressively to objects that had previously angered them

Answer 23

Psychic Blindness

Question 24

Blank is essential for the full conscious experience of emotions and the ability to act in deliberate, planned ways based on those feelings.

Answer 24

Pre-Frontal Cortex

Question 25

The feeling aspect of emotion, called BLANK, can vary in degree of arousal and degree of pleasantness or unpleasantness

Answer 25

affect

Question 26

Psychologists have theories, but no consensus, on how to clasiry BLANK

Answer 26

Emotions

Question 27

The right and left prefrontal corices are relatively specialised for emotional responses involving, respectively, Blank and Blank.

Answer 27

withdrawal | approach

Question 28

Blank is the discomfort we feel when we are socially rejected or lose a vaued relationship - involves some of teh same brain areas as physical pain. It motivates us to avoid situations that could lead to social isolation.

Answer 28

Social Pain

Question 29

BLANK acts to unite the members of a group, coordinating their actions and promoting bonds of attachment. Successful leaders are often particularly good at expressing emotions in ways that lead others to share those emotions.

Answer 29

Emotional Contagion

Question 30

The self-conscious emotions - Blank, Blank, Blank and Blank - serve to make us more sicially acceptable to others.

Answer 30

guilt, shame, embarrassment, and pride

Question 31

BLANK is typically felt when we have hurt someone we value. It motivates us to behave so as to bring the relationship back into balance.

Answer 31

Guilt

Question 32

Blank is the emotional response to a real or imagined flaw in oursleves - often produces deeper pain that guilt, including a sense of powerlessness. It moviates us to withdraw, and it may evoke compassion if others witness it.

Answer 32

Shame

Question 33

BLANK is generally felt after we inadvertently breach a social norm or receive unwanted or unexpected attention. This emotion reveals our concern for others' feelings and can make us likeable

Answer 33

Embarrassment

Question 34

BLANK is the emotion component of high self-esteem. In the right circumstances its expression can focus attention on our strengths and successes and lead others to ally themselves with us.

Answer 34

Pride

Question 35

What is the new paradigm in what guides choices?

Answer 35

Emotions are used to make choices between options. Reason only gathers information & evaluates potential consequences

Question 36

Blank evaluates emotional signifigance of stimuli for negative emotions.

Answer 36

amygdala

Question 37

A BLANK eliminates strong negative & positive emotions

Answer 37

Pre-frontal lobotomy

Question 38

The left frontal lobe handles the Blank emotions

Answer 38

positive

Question 39

The right frontal lobe handles the Blank emotions

Answer 39

negative

Question 40

People can be misled about what they BLANK

Answer 40

feel

Question 41

Factors that increase perceived BLANK can also increase BLANK

Answer 41

arousal and attraction

Question 42

Blank says that feeling the facial expression influences your emotions.

Answer 42

Facial feedback theory (this entails the two factor theory plus the facial feedback theory combined)

Question 43

The four components of emotional intelligence are:

Answer 43

perceiving emotions, using emotions, understanding emotions, managing emotions