Intelligence Flashcards
bell curve
intelligence is normally distributed with a dew at either extremes.
binet+intelligence testing
compare intelligence and age
based on as intelligence increases with age, older children should complete a task easier
increase in intelligence is not due to special eduation
what is mental age
the age at which an average child can complete a particular test item
how do you work out IQ
mental age/ chronological age x100
testing IQ
wechsler adult intelligence scale
has 15 sub tests testing different abilities
vocab
block test
arithmetic
4 structure of ability theories
general intelligence
multiple intelligence’s
crystalised/fluid
hierarchical model
structure of ability theories
general intelligence theory
spearman
intelligence is the basis of all cognitive functions
test types should not affect ability
structure of ability theories
hierarchical model
all abilities are independent
structure of ability theories
crystallised+fluid
crystallised relates to education+experience and use of knowledge+skills
fluid is problem solving and less dependent on knowledge
structure of ability theories
multiple intelligence
intelligence is specific modalities
brain volume
mcdaniel 2005
showed a correlation of 0.33 between brain size+intelligence
genetics+intelligence
heredability 0.5-0.8
heritability increased with adulthood then starts to decline, when were a child our family environment has a large effect on intelligence, as the person grows, they gain more control over the environment and base this on their own abilities
4 environmental effects on intelligence
schooling
intervention studies
abecedarian studies
flynn studies
environmental effects on intelligence
schooling
length+type of school make a difference
environmental effects on intelligence
intervention studies
‘head start’ used to re-mediate deprived children
effect was not maintained
environmental effects on intelligence
abedecarian studies
IQ higher after 5 full day per week interventions
environmental effects on intelligence
flynn studies
IQ rises 3 points every decade
prominent in developing countries
rank order stability of IQ
IQ little changes over 11
after 66 years, 77 yr olds IQ=o.73 correlation from 11
group differences in IQ
no sex differences but differences found in types of intelligence
how important is intelligence
it is not considered until something is amiss e.g brain injury
depends on culture/context
2 uses of intelligence tests
predicting life outcomes
help in decision making
intelligence tests
predicting life outcomes
job performance
academic achievement
income
intelligence tests
help in decision making
education+clinical
intelligence+predictive validity
correlates IQ score with outcome scores e.g. job performance criterion validity (job performance) predicts capability of predictor (IQ)
IQ and academic achievement
general intelligence predicts good grades
study found correlation of 0.54
intelligence +work
IQ is predictive of job performance
correlation of 0.40-0.74
IQ shares aspects of learning which is part of doing a job well
IQ relates to handling complex information
Intelligence+income
correlated at 0.20
get higher salary for better quality work
IQ could influence further education choices
IQ and health
overall
IQ negatively correlated with early mortality+morbidity factors
Danish study- found childhood IQ negatively correlated with coronary heart disease in adulthood
IQ and health
why is there a negative correlation?
disease prevention-IQ leads to healthier lifestyle
disease management- IQ allows for better disease management e.g. taking pills
disease avoidance- IQ leads to avoiding unhealthy environments
IQ and obesity
low IQ seen at childhood seen obese as adults
IQ and mortality
a meta analysis showed as IQ increased by 1 SD, mortality decreased by 24%
what is emotional intelligence
recognise, understand and manage our own emotions+ to influence others
4 things to do to have emotional intelligence
perceive emotion
manage emotion
use emotion
understand emotion
3 ways to study EI
abilities focused approach
integrative model approach
mixed model approach
trait EI
doesn’t correlate with IQ
dispositional tendency
ability EI
related to cognitive ability
measured using ability test types
2 measurements of EI
goleman 1995
Bar-on
2 measurements of EI
goleman 1995
4 domains
self awareness
self regulation
social awareness
social skills
2 measurements of EI
bar-on
5 domains
intrapersonal skills interpersonal skills adaptability scales stress management+scales general mood
