Intelligence Flashcards
bell curve
intelligence is normally distributed with a dew at either extremes.
binet+intelligence testing
compare intelligence and age
based on as intelligence increases with age, older children should complete a task easier
increase in intelligence is not due to special eduation
what is mental age
the age at which an average child can complete a particular test item
how do you work out IQ
mental age/ chronological age x100
testing IQ
wechsler adult intelligence scale
has 15 sub tests testing different abilities
vocab
block test
arithmetic
4 structure of ability theories
general intelligence
multiple intelligence’s
crystalised/fluid
hierarchical model
structure of ability theories
general intelligence theory
spearman
intelligence is the basis of all cognitive functions
test types should not affect ability
structure of ability theories
hierarchical model
all abilities are independent
structure of ability theories
crystallised+fluid
crystallised relates to education+experience and use of knowledge+skills
fluid is problem solving and less dependent on knowledge
structure of ability theories
multiple intelligence
intelligence is specific modalities
brain volume
mcdaniel 2005
showed a correlation of 0.33 between brain size+intelligence
genetics+intelligence
heredability 0.5-0.8
heritability increased with adulthood then starts to decline, when were a child our family environment has a large effect on intelligence, as the person grows, they gain more control over the environment and base this on their own abilities
4 environmental effects on intelligence
schooling
intervention studies
abecedarian studies
flynn studies
environmental effects on intelligence
schooling
length+type of school make a difference
environmental effects on intelligence
intervention studies
‘head start’ used to re-mediate deprived children
effect was not maintained
environmental effects on intelligence
abedecarian studies
IQ higher after 5 full day per week interventions
environmental effects on intelligence
flynn studies
IQ rises 3 points every decade
prominent in developing countries
rank order stability of IQ
IQ little changes over 11
after 66 years, 77 yr olds IQ=o.73 correlation from 11
group differences in IQ
no sex differences but differences found in types of intelligence
how important is intelligence
it is not considered until something is amiss e.g brain injury
depends on culture/context
2 uses of intelligence tests
predicting life outcomes
help in decision making
intelligence tests
predicting life outcomes
job performance
academic achievement
income
intelligence tests
help in decision making
education+clinical
intelligence+predictive validity
correlates IQ score with outcome scores e.g. job performance criterion validity (job performance) predicts capability of predictor (IQ)