Intelligence

Question 1

What does the psychometric approach attempt to do?

Answer 1

Map the structures of intellect and specify the kinds of mental competencies that underlie test performance.

Question 2

In a factor analysis, what results support the unitary idea of intelligence?

Answer 2

Lumping: When tasks correlate highly.

Question 3

In a factor analysis, what results support multiple qualities of intelligence?

Answer 3

Splitting: Tasks do not correlate.

Question 4

What is the key assumption that Fodor’s modularity of mind makes about mental processes?

Answer 4

That they are the functions, not the structures.

Question 5

Who came up with group-factor theory, and what does it suggest?

Answer 5

Thurstone: Mental performance depends on 7 distinct (primarily mental) abilities.

Question 6

What is crystallised intelligence?

Answer 6

The ability to apply previously acquired known to current problems.

Question 7

What is fluid intelligence?

Answer 7

The ability to deal with novel problem-solving situations.

Question 8

According to Sternberg, which type of intelligence can be measured by academic problem solving and reflects how an individual related to his/her inner world?

Answer 8

Analytical.

Question 9

According to Sternberg, which type of intelligence involves abilities to react to novel stimuli, experimentation, and reflects how an individual connects their inner world to the external reality?

Answer 9

Creative.

Question 10

According to Sternberg, which type of intelligence involved abilities to do everyday tasks and reflects how the individual relates to the external world about him/her?

Answer 10

Practical.

Question 11

Briefly describe the indigenous psychologies approach.

Answer 11

Culture is an emergent property of individuals and group interacting with their natural and human environment, differentiated through their focus on different areas and attachment of different meanings.

Question 12

Briefly describe the evidence for the first tenet in developmental psychology.

Answer 12

Mostly with non-human primates and rodents, including work on early handling and stress reactivity and early maternal deprivation.

Question 13

Briefly describe the evidence for the second tenet in developmental psychology.

Answer 13

Mostly with non-human primates and rodents, including work on imprinting.