"Growth Mindset"

Question 1

How do students with a fixed mindset see challenging situations?

Answer 1

As something to avoid, potential failure and undermining their sense of intelligence.

Question 2

How do students with a growth mindset see challenging situations?

Answer 2

As something to seek out and a way to develop their skills.

Question 3

How can economic disadvantage affect students’ academic achievement?

Answer 3

Through reduced access to educational resources, high stress, poor nutrition and reduced access to healthcare.

Question 4

When student-level and school-level variables were controlled for, what happened to the model?

Answer 4

The relationship between mindset and academic performance still held.

Question 5

Summarise the results.

Answer 5

Children with a growth mindset achieve better academically, that this is a comparably strong relationship to that between family income and achievement, and that it holds true systematically.

Question 6

How likely are children from the lowest-income families to hold a fixed mindset compared to top-income family children?

Answer 6

Twice as likely.

Question 7

What is the interaction between family income and mindset in predicting test scores?

Answer 7

A negative interaction: FM magnifies effects of low income/GM mitigates effects.

Question 8

What does all the results holding true across different controls mean?

Answer 8

For any two students with equal characteristics, the one with a growth mindset will achieve more academically.