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intelligence Flashcards

1
Q

intelligence as a sensory capacity

people w better senses acquire more knowledge

res showed diff sensory capacities were only weakly related to eo

also showed that measures of sensory ability are not highly related to intelligence

A

psychophysical activity

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2
Q

proponent of psychophysical activity

A

francis galton

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3
Q

focused on higher mental processes

most now agree that intelligence has something to do with the capacity to understand hypothetical concepts

A

abstract thinking

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4
Q

proponent of abstract thinking

A

alfred binet
theodore simon

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5
Q

higher mental processes

A

reasoning
understanding
judgment

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6
Q

development of the intelligence test (WWI)

A

1905

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7
Q

the ability to solve problems and to adapt and learn to the surrounding environment

capacity to learn from experience, using metacognitive processes to enhance learning

A

intelligence

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8
Q

2 factors for measuring intelligence

A

two-factor theory (g-factor theory)

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9
Q

2 factors measuring intelligence

A

general “g” factor
specific factors

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10
Q

provides the key to understanding intelligence, which is a result of “mental energy”

A

general “g” factor

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11
Q

only of casual intelligence due to the narrow applicability of the factors

A

specific factors

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12
Q

intelligent behavior does not arise from a general factor, but rather emerges from 7 diff independent factors

A

primary mental abilities

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13
Q

proponent of primary mental abilities

A

louis thurnstone

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14
Q

core intelligence 7 factors

A
  1. num facilities
  2. reasoning
  3. memory
  4. spatial perception
  5. perceptual speed
  6. verbal comprehension
  7. verbal fluency
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15
Q

computation and simple math

A

num facilities

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16
Q

analogies and number-series completion tasks

A

reasoning

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17
Q

pic and word-recall tests

A

memory

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18
Q

mental rotation of pics of objects

A

spatial perception

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19
Q

recognition of differences between pics

A

perceptual speed

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20
Q

vocab tests

A

verbal comprehension

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21
Q

think of many words that begin w a given letter

A

verbal fluency

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22
Q

theorized that “intelligence” is a mix of 2 capacities

A

fluid and crystallized intelligence

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23
Q

proponents of fluid and crystallized intelligence

A

cattell
horn

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24
Q

capacity to learn new ways of solving problems

A

fluid intelligence

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25
accumulated knowledge of the world we gain over time
crystallized intelligence
26
intelligence is composed of 3 aspects having 1 factor does not ensure u have others we all possess strengths and weaknesses, but they might not be as distinct as theorized
triarchic theory of intelligence
27
3 aspects of intelligence
1. analytical 2. practical 3. creative
28
ability to reason logically, ”book smart”
analytical intelligence
29
ability to solve real-world problem, “street smart”
practical intelligence
30
ability to come up w novel and effective answers
creative intelligence
31
intelligence includes multiple independent constructs
multiple intelligences
32
proponent of multiple intelligences
howard gardner
33
ways of thinking abt the world
gardner's frames of mind
34
8 distinct intelligences
1. verbal-linguistic 2. mathematical-logical 3. musical 4. visual-spatial 5. bodily-kinesthetic 6. interpersonal 7. intrapersonal 8. natural
35
well-developed verbal skill and sensitivity to sounds, meanings, and rhythm of words
verbal-linguistic
36
ability to think conceptually and abstractly, and the capacity to discern logical/numerical patterns
mathematical-logical
37
ability to produce and appreciate rhythm, pitch, and more
musical
38
capacity to think in images and pictures, to visualize accurately and abstractly
visual-spatial
39
ability to control one’s body movements and handle objects skillfully
bodily-kinesthetic
40
capacity to detect and respond appropriately to to the moods, motivations, and desires of others
interpersonal
41
capacity to be self-aware and in tune w inner feelings, values, beliefs, and thinking processes
intrapersonal
42
ability to recognize and categorize plants, animals, and other objects in nature
natural
43
binet’s concept of mental age led to the development of the intelligence quotient compares each person’s score to what is normal for his or own age group
intelligence quotient
44
formula of IQ
(mental age/chronological age) x 100
45
first formal test created by Alfred Binet and Theodore Simon to help identify French students who needed more help w learning uses a variety of verbal and non-verbal subtests to provide an overall estimate of intelligence and scores related to the 5 areas of cognition
stanford-binet test
46
creators of stanford-binet test
alfred binet theodore simon
47
5 areas of cognition
1. fluid reasoning 2. quanti reasoning 3. knowledge 4. working memory 5. visual-spatial processing
48
most commonly used IQ tests for adults uses a variety of verbal and perf subtests to provide an overall estimate of intelligence and scores
wechsler adult intelligence scale
49
4 scores of wechsler adult intelligence scale
1. verbal comprehension 2. perceptual reasoning 3. working memory 4. processing speed
50
consists of abstract-reasoning items that don’t depend on language the validity of the interpretation is similar across diff cultural groups
culture-fair iq tests
51
sci of using controlled, selective breeding to improve the qualities of the human race
eugenics
52
soon after IQ tests were developed, they began to be abused led to worry about “low IQ” in certain groups
eugenics movement
53
IQ tests can be used to identify indivs who differ significantly from those of average intelligence
indiv differences
54
characterized by childhood onset of low IQ (below 70) and inability to engage in adequate daily functioning
intellectual disability
55
also known as IQ, this refers to a person’s ability to learn, reason, make decisions, and solve problems
intellectual functioning
56
these r skills necessary for day-to-day life, such as being to communicate effectively, interact w others, and take care of oneself
adaptive behaviors
57
4 lvls of intellectual disability
1. mild 2. moderate 3. severe 4. profound
58
fetal alcohol syndrome, fragile X syndrome, down syndrome
biological
59
exposure to lead and mercury
environmental
60
2% of the popu on the upper end of the curve typically grp up to be well-adjusted adults except when pushed to achieve at younger ages genetic factors play a role, but so do prac and dedication
giftedness
61
superior intelligence
IQ 110-119
62
very superior intelligence
IQ 120-129
63
gifted
IQ 130 (2 SD above mean)
64
geniuses
IQ 140
65
especially active during highly “g-loaded” tasks
prefrontal cortex
66
evidence suggests cerebral cortex development is slower in
gifted children
67
brain vol correlates positively w measure intelligence
biologica basis of intelligence
68
family studies confirm that IQ runs in families but high lvls of environmental deprivation may swamp ut effect of genes
nature
69
those that think IQ is fixed tend to take less academic risks, challenging themselves less amt of schooling seems to exert a causal influence on IQ
nurture
70
average IQ of the popu has been rising by about 3 points every 10 yrs
flynn affect
71
most likely the results of environmental changes (rising iq)
1. increased test sophistication 2. increased complexity of modern world 3. etter nutrition 4. changes at home and school
72
involves transforming your ideas, imagination, and dreams into reality
creativity
73
“outside the box” thinking
divergent thinking
74
finding the single best answer to a problem
convergent thinking
75
ability to understand our own and others emotions, then apply that info not clear that emotional intelligence differs much from personality may not predict job perf beyond general IQ
emotional intelligence
76
appli of intelligence toward a common good
wisdom
77
wise ppl balance 3 competing interests
1. self-interest 2. concerns for others 3. concerns abt broader society

PSYNTRO (6 decks)

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