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PSYNTRO > intelligence > Flashcards

intelligence Flashcards

1
Q

intelligence as a sensory capacity

people w better senses acquire more knowledge

res showed diff sensory capacities were only weakly related to eo

also showed that measures of sensory ability are not highly related to intelligence

A

psychophysical activity

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2
Q

proponent of psychophysical activity

A

francis galton

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3
Q

focused on higher mental processes

most now agree that intelligence has something to do with the capacity to understand hypothetical concepts

A

abstract thinking

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4
Q

proponent of abstract thinking

A

alfred binet
theodore simon

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5
Q

higher mental processes

A

reasoning
understanding
judgment

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6
Q

development of the intelligence test (WWI)

A

1905

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7
Q

the ability to solve problems and to adapt and learn to the surrounding environment

capacity to learn from experience, using metacognitive processes to enhance learning

A

intelligence

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8
Q

2 factors for measuring intelligence

A

two-factor theory (g-factor theory)

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9
Q

2 factors measuring intelligence

A

general “g” factor
specific factors

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10
Q

provides the key to understanding intelligence, which is a result of “mental energy”

A

general “g” factor

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11
Q

only of casual intelligence due to the narrow applicability of the factors

A

specific factors

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12
Q

intelligent behavior does not arise from a general factor, but rather emerges from 7 diff independent factors

A

primary mental abilities

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13
Q

proponent of primary mental abilities

A

louis thurnstone

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14
Q

core intelligence 7 factors

A
  1. num facilities
  2. reasoning
  3. memory
  4. spatial perception
  5. perceptual speed
  6. verbal comprehension
  7. verbal fluency
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15
Q

computation and simple math

A

num facilities

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16
Q

analogies and number-series completion tasks

A

reasoning

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17
Q

pic and word-recall tests

A

memory

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18
Q

mental rotation of pics of objects

A

spatial perception

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19
Q

recognition of differences between pics

A

perceptual speed

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20
Q

vocab tests

A

verbal comprehension

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21
Q

think of many words that begin w a given letter

A

verbal fluency

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22
Q

theorized that “intelligence” is a mix of 2 capacities

A

fluid and crystallized intelligence

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23
Q

proponents of fluid and crystallized intelligence

A

cattell
horn

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24
Q

capacity to learn new ways of solving problems

A

fluid intelligence

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25
Q

accumulated knowledge of the world we gain over time

A

crystallized intelligence

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26
Q

intelligence is composed of 3 aspects

having 1 factor does not ensure u have others

we all possess strengths and weaknesses, but they might not be as distinct as theorized

A

triarchic theory of intelligence

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27
Q

3 aspects of intelligence

A
  1. analytical
  2. practical
  3. creative
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28
Q

ability to reason logically, ”book smart”

A

analytical intelligence

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29
Q

ability to solve real-world problem, “street smart”

A

practical intelligence

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30
Q

ability to come up w novel and effective answers

A

creative intelligence

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31
Q

intelligence includes multiple independent constructs

A

multiple intelligences

32
Q

proponent of multiple intelligences

A

howard gardner

33
Q

ways of thinking abt the world

A

gardner’s frames of mind

34
Q

8 distinct intelligences

A
  1. verbal-linguistic
  2. mathematical-logical
  3. musical
  4. visual-spatial
  5. bodily-kinesthetic
  6. interpersonal
  7. intrapersonal
  8. natural
35
Q

well-developed verbal skill and sensitivity to sounds, meanings, and rhythm of words

A

verbal-linguistic

36
Q

ability to think conceptually and abstractly, and the capacity to discern logical/numerical patterns

A

mathematical-logical

37
Q

ability to produce and appreciate rhythm, pitch, and more

A

musical

38
Q

capacity to think in images and pictures, to visualize accurately and abstractly

A

visual-spatial

39
Q

ability to control one’s body movements and handle objects skillfully

A

bodily-kinesthetic

40
Q

capacity to detect and respond appropriately to to the moods, motivations, and desires of others

A

interpersonal

41
Q

capacity to be self-aware and in tune w inner feelings, values, beliefs, and thinking processes

A

intrapersonal

42
Q

ability to recognize and categorize plants, animals, and other objects in nature

A

natural

43
Q

binet’s concept of mental age led to the development of the intelligence quotient

compares each person’s score to what is normal for his or own age group

A

intelligence quotient

44
Q

formula of IQ

A

(mental age/chronological age) x 100

45
Q

first formal test created by Alfred Binet and Theodore Simon to help identify French students who needed more help w learning

uses a variety of verbal and non-verbal subtests to provide an overall estimate of intelligence and scores related to the 5 areas of cognition

A

stanford-binet test

46
Q

creators of stanford-binet test

A

alfred binet
theodore simon

47
Q

5 areas of cognition

A
  1. fluid reasoning
  2. quanti reasoning
  3. knowledge
  4. working memory
  5. visual-spatial processing
48
Q

most commonly used IQ tests for adults

uses a variety of verbal and perf subtests to provide an overall estimate of intelligence and scores

A

wechsler adult intelligence scale

49
Q

4 scores of wechsler adult intelligence scale

A
  1. verbal comprehension
  2. perceptual reasoning
  3. working memory
  4. processing speed
50
Q

consists of abstract-reasoning items that don’t depend on language

the validity of the interpretation is similar across diff cultural groups

A

culture-fair iq tests

51
Q

sci of using controlled, selective breeding to improve the qualities of the human race

A

eugenics

52
Q

soon after IQ tests were developed, they began to be abused

led to worry about “low IQ” in certain groups

A

eugenics movement

53
Q

IQ tests can be used to identify indivs who differ significantly from those of average intelligence

A

indiv differences

54
Q

characterized by childhood onset of low IQ (below 70) and inability to engage in adequate daily functioning

A

intellectual disability

55
Q

also known as IQ, this refers to a person’s ability to learn, reason, make decisions, and solve problems

A

intellectual functioning

56
Q

these r skills necessary for day-to-day life, such as being to communicate effectively, interact w others, and take care of oneself

A

adaptive behaviors

57
Q

4 lvls of intellectual disability

A
  1. mild
  2. moderate
  3. severe
  4. profound
58
Q

fetal alcohol syndrome, fragile X syndrome, down syndrome

A

biological

59
Q

exposure to lead and mercury

A

environmental

60
Q

2% of the popu on the upper end of the curve

typically grp up to be well-adjusted adults except when pushed to achieve at younger ages

genetic factors play a role, but so do prac and dedication

A

giftedness

61
Q

superior intelligence

A

IQ 110-119

62
Q

very superior intelligence

A

IQ 120-129

63
Q

gifted

A

IQ 130 (2 SD above mean)

64
Q

geniuses

A

IQ 140

65
Q

especially active during highly “g-loaded” tasks

A

prefrontal cortex

66
Q

evidence suggests cerebral cortex development is slower in

A

gifted children

67
Q

brain vol correlates positively w measure intelligence

A

biologica basis of intelligence

68
Q

family studies confirm that IQ runs in families

but high lvls of environmental deprivation may swamp ut effect of genes

A

nature

69
Q

those that think IQ is fixed tend to take less academic risks, challenging themselves less

amt of schooling seems to exert a causal influence on IQ

A

nurture

70
Q

average IQ of the popu has been rising by about 3 points every 10 yrs

A

flynn affect

71
Q

most likely the results of environmental changes (rising iq)

A
  1. increased test sophistication
  2. increased complexity of modern world
  3. etter nutrition
  4. changes at home and school
72
Q

involves transforming your ideas, imagination, and dreams into reality

A

creativity

73
Q

“outside the box” thinking

A

divergent thinking

74
Q

finding the single best answer to a problem

A

convergent thinking

75
Q

ability to understand our own and others emotions, then apply that info

not clear that emotional intelligence differs much from personality

may not predict job perf beyond general IQ

A

emotional intelligence

76
Q

appli of intelligence toward a common good

A

wisdom

77
Q

wise ppl balance 3 competing interests

A
  1. self-interest
  2. concerns for others
  3. concerns abt broader society

PSYNTRO (6 decks)

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