Integumentary System Part 2 Flashcards
Crust
Thickened, dried out exudate left when vesicles / pustules burst to dry up
Crust examples
Impetigo, scab after abrasion
Scale
Compact, desiccated flakes of skin, dry or greasy, silvery or white, from shedding of dead excess keratin cells
Scale examples
psoriasis
Seborrheic dermatitis
Eczema
Dry skin
Lichenification
Rough, thickened epidermis secondary to persistent rubbing, itching or skin irritation (often on flexor surface)
Scar
Thin to thick connective tissue that replaces normal skin following injury or laceration of the dermis
Hypertrophic scar
May have some overgrowth but not as excessive as keloid
Atrophic scar
Skin level is depressed with loss of tissue
Thinning of epidermis
Atrophic scar example
Straie - stretch marks
Keloid
Irregular shaped, elevated, progressively enlarging scar
Grows beyond boundaries of wound
Caused by excessive collagen formation
Excoriation
Loss of epidermis, linear hollowed out crusted area, self inflicted, superficial (scratch?)
Fissure
Linear crack or break from the epidermis to the dermis
Fissure example
Cheilosis, athlete’s foot
Erosion
Loss of part of the epidermis, depressed, moist, glistening, follows rupture of a vesicle or a bulla
Petichiae
Tiny, flat, purple or red spots on the surface of the skin (macular) resulting from minute hemorrhages
Ecchymoses
Bruising
Leakage of blood into skin
>3mm in diameter
Purpura
Confluent and extensive patch of petechiae and ecchymoses
Telangiectasia
Spider veins
Fine, irregular, red
Secondary to capillary dilation
Cherry angioma
Aging change, tiny, red papule due to overgrowth of capillaries
Alopecia
Hair loss
Lanugo
Infants- “Duck fuzz” - after birth is replaced with fine villus hair
Linea niagra
Big line down pregnant woman’s belly
Cholasma
Darkened pigmentation in face during pregnancy
Senile purpura
Lots of little bruises on feet, hands, etc
Atrophy
Thinning of the skin surface and loss of skin markings
appears translucent
