Integumentary System

Question 1

Epidermis =

Dermis =

Answer 1

Epidermis = epithelium
Dermis = connective tissue containing sensory and glandular structures

Question 2

4 zones of the epidermis?

Answer 2

Stratum Corneum, stratum granulosum,stratum spinosum and stratum basale

Question 3

Two layers of the dermis?

How can you differentiate between them on a slide?

Answer 3

Papillary and reticular layer

Papillary is an upward extension protruding between the stratum spinosum and basale

Question 4

Both papillary and reticular layers contain sensory endings that mediate ___?

Reticular layer also contains ___

Answer 4

Touch, vibration, pain, and temperature

Blood vessels, sweat glands, and hair follicles

Question 5

Hypodermis can be various other tissues including?

Answer 5

Adipose, fascia, etc.

Question 6

Epidermis:

1. Where is zone of cell proliferation and differentiation into keratinocytes?
2. What creates the stratum corneum?

Answer 6

1. Stratum basale (1 cell thick)

2. Keratinization

Question 7

Name two specialized cells of the epithelium and their function

Answer 7

Langerhan- immunological function; phagocytosis and antigen presentation functions

Melanocytes- source of melanin pigment, transferred to keratinocytes

Question 8

Sweat glands:

1. Structure
2. Two different kinds and their Function

Answer 8

1. Have a secretory portion embedded in dermis and a duct to surface
2. Apocrine: specialized type in areas that become functional during puberty; eccrine is rest of skin.

Question 9

Hair follicles

1. Structure
2. Function

Answer 9

1. Grows from dermis; erector pili muscle is attached; has blood supply at the deep end
2. Can detect touch

Question 10

Sebaceous gland function?

Structure?

Answer 10

Secrete oily mixture

Secretory portion is adjacent to hair follicle, duct releases sebum into hair follicle space and spreads along skin surface

Question 11

Name 4 somatosensory receptors

All of them are located where?

Answer 11

Meissners corpuscle, merkels discs, pacinian corpuscle, and ruffinis corpuscle

All located in the dermis except merkels discs can be in stratum basale and pacinians can be in hypodermis

Question 12

Meissners

Structure?

Function?

Answer 12

Tucked into dermal papilla

Light touch (important for sensing texture - palpation)

Question 13

Merkels discs

Structure?

Function?

Answer 13

Epithelium cell that is specialized

Light pressure, edges and texture

Question 14

Pacinian

Structure?

Function?

Answer 14

Capsule around a free nerve ending

Vibration (tuning fork)

Question 15

Ruffini corpuscle

Structure

Function

Answer 15

Also a capsule around a free nerve ending but this one looks more like a whales tail

Rubbing, stretching, shearing action on skin. (Crude touch and proprioception - along with muscle spindles and golgi tendon organs)

Question 16

Somatosensory path from skin to spinal cord?

Answer 16

Skin - DRG - dorsal horn and brain

Question 17

Nails are made from?

Do nails have blood vessels?

Answer 17

Condensed keratin protein

Yes