Epithelium

Question 1

Simple vs stratified epithelium (difference in appearance)

Answer 1

Simple is a single layer; stratified is more than one layer

Question 2

3 surfaces of epithelium

Answer 2

Apical surface = top (exposed to external environment)
Lateral surface = attached to neighbors
Basal border = bottom (interface with other tissues; connective tissue deep to skin)

Question 3

What is endothelium?

Answer 3

Internal lining of blood vessels

Question 4

Epithelium is prone to cancer/tumors. What locations are especially susceptible?

Answer 4

Where there is a transition between different types of epithelium (simple, stratified, pseudostratifed, etc.)

Question 5

1. Function of microvilli?
2. Location?
3. Structurally formed by?
4. Attached by?

Answer 5

1. Designed for absorption of substances into epithelial cells by increasing apical surface area
2. Apical surface of cell
3. Actin
4. Intermediate filaments

Question 6

Main difference between location of microvilli and cilia?

Answer 6

Cilia is anchored intracellular lay but extend through the cell membrane into extra cellular space; microvilli are on the apical surface

Question 7

1. Function of cilia?

2. Cilia are often referred as ____

Answer 7

1. Promote movement of extra cellular material

2. Brush border

Question 8

Function of dynein in cilia? (2)

Answer 8

Connects the microtubules of cilia to neighbors and allows the cilia to move objects around

Question 9

What are stereocilia?
Location?
Example?

Answer 9

Sensory
Apical surface
In cochlea and vestibular apparatus of inner ear for hearing and sensation of head position/movement

Question 10

1. Zonula occludens, zonula adherens, and macula adherens are attachments between ?
2. Focal adhesions and hemidesmosomes are attachments to?

Answer 10

1. Epithelial cells

2. Basal lamina

Question 11

Zonula Occludens aka ___

Function?

Answer 11

Tight junctions

Creates leakproof seal between cells so nothing can pass between cells; reduces paracellular movement (so pathogens cannot spread)

Question 12

1. Difference between Zonula Adherens and macula adherens(desmosomes)?
2. Similarity?

Answer 12

1. Zonula is anchoring junction connected to actin; macula is anchoring junction connected to intermediate filaments
2. Both act to stabilize neighboring cells, but leave some gap between cells

Question 13

What does a fibroblast do?

Answer 13

Produces and maintains connective tissue

Question 14

Gland structure:
How does acinar look different than tubular?
How to know if its simple or compound?

Answer 14

Acinar is like a cul de sac (thicker and rounder)

Compound has branches

Question 15

How could you identify the basement membrane in a photo?

Answer 15

Basement membrane is cell free; usually connective tissue below it

Question 16

What does a serous gland secrete?

Answer 16

Watery fluid (aka salivary glands)