Connective Tissue Flashcards
Where do you find the 3 different kinds of connective tissue proper?
Loose connective tissue- deep to epithelium
Dense regular- tendons
Dense irregular- deeper below epithelium than loose, in various organs
Role of a fibroblast?
Fibroblasts produces and releases collagen, elastic fibers, and reticular (mesh-like) fibers
- When would loose connective tissue be called lamina propria?
- Texture of loose connective tissue?
- Is it vascularized?
- Function?
- When the epithelium it is deep to is mucous releasing
- Gel like (viscous)
- Yes, it exchanges contents between blood and epithelium (which is unvascularized)
- Forms second line of defense (after epithelium) against invading pathogens/foreign substances and contains various types of blood/immune cells (outside blood vessels)
When looking at a slide, how would you be able to differentiate between epithelium, LCT, and DCT?
Epithelium is most superficial and has the most cells
LCT is intermediate and has dark staining nuclei of cells and low density of ECM
DCT is similar but a higher density of blue staining fibers (and less cells and can sometimes look wavy)
Glandular cells vs. secretory cells
Glandular is epithelium that has been rolled into a tube; secretory cells are basically one cell versions of a gland
- How to identify regular connective tissue from a picture?
- It is all aligned on one axis
~check out this PowerPoint before lab practical to review pictures~
Fibroblasts also produce molecules of ground substance. What does this mean and give some examples
Refers to more types of ECM material, dominated by glycoaminoglycans but also includes proteoglycans and multi-adhesive glycoproteins
A single collagen protein is modified by attaching what three amino acids?
Glycine, proline, and hydroxyproline
Broad organization for bundling of collagen
Single collagen protein -> collagen proteins wound together to form triple helix -> helices are cross linked to form a fibril -> fibrils bundle to form fibers
- Name one place in the body where collagen fibers are located?
- Function of reticular fibers?
- What kind of adhesions does collagen form?
- Function of collagen?
- Tendons
- Similar to cartilage except thinner; they provide scaffolding for tissues and organs
- Cell to cell junctions (focal adhesions and hemidesmosomes) for anchoring basal surface of epithelial cells to basal lamina (connective tissue)
- Resists pressure or tension exerted on the cell
VERY broad pathway of collagen synthesis?
Modify protein intracellularly (in rER), golgi modifies some more then secretes it to extracellular environment where collagen gets bundled together
Disorders of collagen production:
- Osteogenesis Imperfecta is caused by a gene mutation that causes?
- ____ (Type IV, VI, VII)
- Scurvy is caused by vitamin C deficiency that impairs?
- Weak tendons (so affects connective tissue) and bones
- Ehlers-Danlos - problem for collagen and/or connective tissue
- Impairs proline hydroxylase
Fibroblasts generally produce reticular fibers except where in the body? What produces them there?
In lymphatic system organs, reticular cells make reticular fibers
Elastic fibers are NOT collagen
- Elastic fibers are composed of many ?
- This protein that composes elastic fibers is what kind of protein? How is it synthesized?
- Elastin proteins cross linked (by help of fibrillin protein) to each other in a mesh like arrangement
- Glycoprotein synthesized by fibroblasts and secreted into ECM
- Name some places in the body where elastic fibers are located?
- What enzyme degrades elastic fibers? Why?
- Clinical dysfunction that has to do with elastic fibers? Brief overview
- Skin, interior wall of arteries and aorta, some ligaments (vertebral column, and larynx
- Elastase because elastic fibers are highly resistant to breakdown by common mechanisms (like heat and acid)
- Marfans syndrome: elastin is not organized effectively due to mutation in fibrillin gene