Integumentary System Flashcards
Consists of:
- SKIN
- SWEAT GLANDS
- OIL GLANDS
- HAIR
- NAILS
INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM
Largest organ in the human body
SKIN
The FIVE FUNCTIONS of the integumentary system
- PROTECTION 2. TEMPERATURE REGULATION 3. VITAMIN D PRODUCTION 4. SENSATION 5. EXCRETION
Four ways the integumentary system PROTECTS the body
- PHYSICAL BARRIER to germs
- Glands produce ACID
- Layers protect against ABRASIONS
- Hair and melanin protect against UV RADIATION
Two ways the integumentary system REGULATES TEMPERATURE
- Blood vessels CONSTRICT or DILATE
- SWEAT is produced
Causes hair to stand up (goosebumps)
ARRECTOR PILI (piloerector muscle)
How the body produces vitamin D
The PRECURSOR to vitamin D must be exposed to UV radiation (from the sun)
Consists of:
- WATER
- SODIUM CHLORIDE
- UREA
- AMMONIA
- URIC ACID
SWEAT
- AVASCULAR
- Made up of STRATIFIED SQUAMOUS EPITHELIUM
EPIDERMIS
- Made up of DENSE CONNECTIVE TISSUE
- Contains BLOOD VESSELS
DERMIS
- Attaches skin to muscle and bone
- Made of LOOSE CONNECTIVE TISSUE, COLLAGEN, and ELASTIN
- Half of body’s fat located here
HYPODERMIS
Most SUPERFICIAL layer of skin
EPIDERMIS
DEEP to the EPIDERMIS but SUPERFICIAL to the HYPODERMIS
DERMIS
DEEP to the DERMIS
HYPODERMIS
Gives skin its FIRMNESS
COLLAGEN
Gives skin its ELASTICITY
ELASTIN
Cells that produce MELANIN (pigment)
MELANOCYTES
Epidermal cells working for the IMMUNE SYSTEM
LANGERHANS CELLS
- Most common type of cell in the epidermis
- Produces KERATIN
KERATINOCYTES
Name for cell division
MITOSIS
Gives skin STRENGTH and PERMEABILITY
KERATIN
Shed or slough off old dead cells
DESQUAMATE
Process of keratinocytes changing shape and composition as they move towards the surface and die
KERATINAZATION
The bottom (basement) of the epidermis
STRATUM BASALE
How many bad SUNBURNS it takes to greatly increase the risk of SKIN CANCER
1!
Most common variety of skin cancer
BASAL CELL CARCINOMA
Skin cancer that begins in the stratum basale (basement) and grows DEEP; full cure probable
BASAL CELL CARCINOMA
- Skin cancer tumor confined to the epidermis but can METASTASIZE to lymph nodes
- If caught early chance of survival is good
SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA
Word for when a cancer spreads to other organs
METASTASIZE
Most DEADLY skin cancer
MALIGNANT MELANOMA
- CANCER of the MELANOCYTES
- Looks like LARGE, FLAT SPREADING LESION
MALIGNANT MELANOMA
ABCD Rule
- ASYMMETRY
- BORDER IRREGULARITY
- COLOR
- DIAMETER
Two sides of a pigmented mole do NOT match
Asymmetry (A)
Borders of a mole are NOT smooth
Border irregularity (B)
Areas of the same mole have different pigments
Color (C)
Spot is larger than 6mm across
Diameter (D)
