Integumentary System Flashcards
What does the integumentary system consist of?
Skin and accessory structures (hair, nails, glands, muscles, and nerves)
T/F: skin is the largest organ of the body
T
Epidermis: superficial or deep?
superficial
Dermis: superficial or deep?
deep
Subcutaneous layer (hypodermis): is it part of the skin? what does it do?
No
Anchors dermis to underlying tissues/organs
What are the types of cells in the epidermis
“kill mlm”
- Keratinocytes: proteins, make skin resistant
- Melanocytes: form melanin
- Langerhans cells: macrophage
- Merkel cells: receptor for touch
What are the layers of the epidermis (deep to superficial)
“bring some gingers lucky coins”
- stratum basale
- stratum spinosum
- stratum granulosum
- stratum lucidum (thick skin only)
- stratum corneum
What are the 2 regions of the dermis?
- Papillary region
- Reticular region
What is the papillary region of the dermis composed of?
Areolar connective tissue w/ fine elastic fibers, dermal papilla and Meissner’s corpuscles
What is the reticular region of the dermis composed of?
Dense irregular connective tissue w/ interlaced collagen and coarse elastic fibers, adipose tissue, hair follicles, nerves, sebaceous glands and ducts of sudoriferous glands
Epidermal ridges provide the bases for:
fingerprints and footprints
The color of the skin is due to:
melanin, carotene and hemoglobin
What are the 2 forms of melanin
Eumelanin (brownish-black)
Pheomelanin (yellow to red)
Where do the accessory structures of skin develop from?
The embryonic epidermis
What are the parts of the hair?
- Shaft (mostly superficial to surface)
- Root (penetrates dermis, sometimes subcutaneous layer)
- Hair follicle
Each hair follicle has a:
- sebaceous gland
- arrector pili muscle
- hair root plexus
What kind of pattern does hair replacement and growth occur in?
Cyclic: alternating growth and resting stages
What do new hairs develop from?
Division of matrix cells in the bulb
What is the function of hair?
- limited amt of protection from sun, heat loss, foreign particles in eyes/nose/ears
- sense light touch
What do sebaceous glands produce?
Sebum: moistens hair + waterproofs skin
Where are sebaceous glands connected to? and where are they absent?
Connected to hair follicles and absent in palms and soles
Clogged sebaceous glands may produce:
acne
List the 2 main types of sudoriferous glands
- eccrine glands
- apocrine
Where are the ducts of eccrine glands (sudoriferous)
terminate at pores at surface of epidermis
