Integumentary system Flashcards
What are the 5 things that make up the Integumentary system?
Skin
Subcutaneous tissue
Nails
Hair
Glands
What percent of body weight does the skin take up?
7%, largest organ in the body
How many millimeters thick can the skin be?
1.5- 4.4mm thick
What are the 2 layers of skin?
Epidermis and Dermis
Is the Hypodermis a part of your skin?
No it is not!!
What kind of tissue makes up the hypodermis?
Areolar and adipose tissue
What layer is the hypodermis?
Subcutaneous layer, lies deep to the dermis
What are the 5 functions of the skin?
- Protection (UV rays)
- Body temp regulation (sweat and capillaries)
- Excretion (waste and salt)
- Vitamin D production
- Sensory reception
What is the job of the hypodermis?
Insulates
Absorbs shock
Stores energy
Anchors skin while allowing movement
Connects skin to muscle and bones
What are the 4 main cell types of the epidermis?
Keratinocytes
Melanocytes
Tactile epithelial cells
Dendritic cells
What is the epidermis made out of?
Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium
Is the epidermis avascular?
Yes it has no blood supply
How often does the epidermis regenerate in adults?
Every 28-30 days in adults
What is the epidermis role?
Protective between body and environment
Outermost skin layer
What is the most abundant type of epidermal cells?
Keratinocytes
In what layer are keratinocytes produced?
Deepest layer
What are keratinocytes function?
Create keratin for strength and water resistance
Produce antibodies and enzymes
Die by the time they make it to the surface layer of skim
Where are melanocytes found?
Found in stratum basale, hair follicles, inner ear and eye
What influences melanocytes?
Influenced by genetics, sun and hormones
What is the function of melanocytes?
Produce melanin that give skin, eyes, and hair colour
Protect from UV damage (produce melanin response)
What is the difference between Eumelanin and Phenomelanin
Eumelanin: dark pigment (brown or black)
Phenomelanin: lighter pigment usually red or yellow
What is the difference between hyperpigmentation and hypopigmentation?
Hyper: overactive melanocytes
Hyp: underactive melanocytes
What melanocyte disorder is vitiligo?
Hypopigmentation (light patches)
What are the 5 layers of the epidermis?
From superficial to deep
Stratum corneum
Stratum lucidum
Stratum granulosum
Stratum spinosum
Stratum basale (germinatum)
