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DLE > Integumentary system > Flashcards

Integumentary system Flashcards

1
Q

2 parts of the integumentary system

A

Epidermis

Dermis

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2
Q

Lining of epidermis

A

Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

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3
Q

4 cell types in epidermis

A

Keratinocytes
Melanocytes
Langerhans cells
Merkels cells

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4
Q

Most numerous cell in the epidermis

A

Keratinocytes

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5
Q

Cells that produces keratin

A

Keratinocytes

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6
Q

Most numerous protein in the SKIN or Epidermis

A

Keratin

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7
Q

Most numerous protein in the BODY

A

Collagen

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8
Q

Most numerous protein in the MUSCLE

A

Actin

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9
Q

Most numerous protein in the BLOOD

A

Albumin

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10
Q

Cells that produce melanin

A

Melanocytes

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11
Q

Yellow-red melanin

A

Pheomelanin (“phe-ow”)

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12
Q

Brown - black melanin

A

Eumelanin

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13
Q

Protects us from UV

A

Melanocytes (melanin)

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14
Q

Are melanocytes resistant or sensitive to light/UV?

A

Very sensitive to UV or light

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15
Q

What is the embryonic origin of melanocytes

A

Neural crest cells

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16
Q

2 cells that are derived from neural crest cells

A

Melanocytes

Neuroglia (glial cells)

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17
Q

Supporting cells of neurons

A

Neuroglia or glial cells

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18
Q

No melanin

A

Damaged nucleus=may cause melanoma

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19
Q

Their melanocytes can’t produce melanin

A

Albinism

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20
Q

Macrophage of the epidermis

A

Langerhans cells

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21
Q

Epidermal layer where langerhans are present

A

Stratum spinosum

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22
Q

Mechanoreceptor for sense of TOUCH seen in the EPIDERMIS

A

Merkel cells

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23
Q

Mechanoreceptor for LIGHT TOUCH that is seen in the DERMIS

A

Meissner corpuscles

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24
Q

Which is more sensitive Merkel or Meissner?

A

Meissner corpuscles

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25
Q

Located in stratum basale in epidermis where it contacts a sensory neuron called?

A

Merkel (Tactile) discs

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26
Q

Merkel cell together with its Merkel discs detects?

A

“Touch sensation”

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27
Q

Merkel cells are located in what layer of epidermis

A

Stratum basale

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28
Q

Layers of EPIDERMIS: Superficial to Deep
Come, Let’s Get Sun Burned

A

Corneum
Lucidum
Granulosum
Spinosum
Basale

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29
Q

Deepest layer of epidermis

A

Basale

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30
Q

2 epidermal layers which are sites of tonofilament production

A

Basale and Spinosum

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31
Q

Layer of epidermis with HIGHEST MITOTIC ACTIVITY of KERATINOCYTES

A

Stratum Basale

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32
Q

Future keratin

A

Tonofilaments

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33
Q

2 other names of stratum spinosum

A

Spiky layer

Prickle cell layer

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34
Q

Epidermal Cell layer with decreased mitotic activity of keratinocytes

A

Spinosum

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35
Q

Combination of stratum basale and spinosum

A

Stratum germinativum or Malpighian layer

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36
Q

Disease assoc with DEFICIENCY in melanin

A

Vitiligo

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37
Q

Amino acid needed to produce melanin, dopamine, epi, norepi and tyroxine

A

TYROSINE

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38
Q

Tyrosine give rise to : (3 derivatives)

A

Melanin
DOPA
Tyroxine

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39
Q

DOPA gives rise to

A

DOPA ➡️ Dopamine ➡️ Norepi ➡️ Epi

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40
Q

Disease assoc with LACK OF DOPAMINE which results to involuntary movements

A

Parkinson’s Disease

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41
Q

DOC for Parkinson’s Disease

A

Levadopa (L-Dopa)

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42
Q

Tyroxine gives rise to 2

A

T3 and T4

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43
Q

Other name for T3

A

Triiodothyronine

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44
Q

T4 is aka

A

Thyroxine

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45
Q

Which is more potent T3 or T4?

A

T3 (tulfo=matapang=more potent)

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46
Q

More numerous but no use T3 or T4?

A

T4

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47
Q

Epidermal layer where cells are undergoing APOPTOSIS

A

S. Granulosum

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48
Q

2 granules in S. Granulosum

A

Keratohyalin granules

Lamellar granules

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49
Q

Granules which converts tonofilaments to keratin

A

Keratohyalin granules

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50
Q

Granules in S. Granulosum which is a layer of lipid for protection (wag matuyo ang body)

A

Lamellar granules

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51
Q

Other term for S. Lucidum

A

Clear cell layer or Translucent layer

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52
Q

S. Lucidum is found in _ skin (3 examples)

A

Thick skin - Palm, soles, fingertips

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53
Q

Syndrome assoc with PALMOPLANTAR KERATODERMA ( abnormal thickening of Palm and Sole) (“P”)

A

Papillon- Lefevre Syndrome (“P”)Papillon - Palmo

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54
Q

Dental manifestation of Papillon Lefevre Syndrome

A

Periodontitis in children (“puppy=child”)

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55
Q

2 diseases assoc with periodontitis in CHILDREN

A

Papillon Lefevre syndrome (“puppy=child”)

Chediak Higashi Syndrome (“chanak=child”)

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56
Q

Disease assic with CAFE AU LAIT SPOTS and PERIO in Children. (“C”)

A

Chediak-Higashi Syndrome (“C” - Chediak : Cafe)

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57
Q

Thickest layer of epidermis

A

Stratum corneum

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58
Q

Other term for S. Corneum

A

Horny layer

59
Q

Abnormal thickening of stratum corneum due to constant friction

A

Callus

60
Q

Excess keratinocytes shedding from SCALP

A

Dandruff

61
Q

“SCALP”

A

Skin
Connective tissue
Aponeurosis
Loose connective tissue
Periosteum

62
Q

Sheddings from other parts of the body (libag)

A

Dander

63
Q

Skin disease where keratinocytes divide and move more quickly than normal

A

Psoriasis

64
Q

3 signs and symptoms of Psoriasis

A

Silvery scales
Monroe’s Abscess
Auspitz sign

65
Q

Abscess assoc with Psoriasis/ Cardinal sign of psoriasis

A

Monroe’s abscess

66
Q

Bleeding spots in Psoriasis

A

Auspitz sign

67
Q

Abscess assoc with Osteomyelitis

A

Brodies abscess

68
Q

Causative agent of Osteomyelitis

A

Staphylococcus Aureus

69
Q

Staphyloccocus aureus which is a common bacteria in the skin which also has 2 charac:

A

Pus producing

Antibiotic resistant

70
Q

3 assoc with MOTH EATEN Radiographic Appearance

A

Ewing’s sarcoma
External Root resorption
Osteomyelitis

71
Q

Malignant cell tumor with 2 rx app: MOTH EATEN and ONION SKIN

A

Ewing’s sarcoma

72
Q

Dermis is made up of what fibers (2)

A

Collagen and elastic fibers

73
Q

Provides blood supply for epidermis

A

Dermis

74
Q

2 layers of dermis

A

Papillary layer

Reticular layer

75
Q

Thinner layer of dermis

A

Papillary layer

76
Q

Nipple like projections from dermis towards epidermis

A

Dermal papillae

77
Q

Rete pegs aka

A

Epithelial ridges

78
Q

Mechanoreceptor in the DERMIS responsible for LIGHT TOUCH sensation

A

Meissner corpuscles

79
Q

Nipple like projections from EPIDERMIS to DERMIS (seen in Epidermis)

A

Rete pegs or epithelial ridges

80
Q

Other name for Meissner corpuscles

A

Corpuscles of Touch

81
Q

Disease assoc with SAW TOOTH LIKE rete pegs

A

Lichen planus

82
Q

White lesion common in Buccal mucosa can’t be rubbed off with clinical appearance= “Wickham’s striae”

A

Lichen planus

83
Q

White lesion that can be rubbed off

A

Candiasis

84
Q

Causative agent of candiasis

A

Candida albicans

85
Q

Drug Of Choice for candidiasis

A

Nystatin(antifungal)

86
Q

White lesion= Pre cancerous and cant be rubbed off.

A

Leukoplakia

87
Q

White lesion disappears when stretched also assoc with accumulation of fluid.

A

Leukoedema

88
Q

Thicker layer of dermis

A

Reticular layer

89
Q

Reticular layer is attached to what layer

A

Subcutaneous layer or hypodermis

90
Q

MAJOR NUTRIENT SUPPLIER for the skin

A

Reticular layer of Dermis

91
Q

Mechanoreceptor found in Papillary layer of dermis

A

Meissner corpuscles

92
Q

Mechanoreceptors found in Reticular layer of Dermis

A

Ruffini’s corpuscle or Bulbous Corpuscle

End bulb of Krause

93
Q

Mechanoreceptor for HOT (“Ruffa”)

A

Ruffini’s corpuscles

94
Q

What cells are in the hypodermis or subcutaneous layer

A

Adipocytes (shape: signet ring)

95
Q

Other name for Ruffini’s corpuscles

A

Bulbous corpuscles

96
Q

Mechanoreceptor for stretch (“Luffi-one piece”)

A

Ruffini’s corpuscles

97
Q

Mechanoreceptor for cold (“Santa Clause-winter”)

A

End bulb of Krause

98
Q

Mechanoreceptor for pressure (“pasan nya”) and proprioception

A

Pacinian corpuscles

99
Q

Onion shaped mechanoreceptor

A

Pacinian corpuscles

100
Q

Detects BODY POSITIONS; Main receptor for proprioception found in joints

A

Proprioceptors

101
Q

2 Mechanoreceptors for PAIN

A

*Nociceptors
*Free nerve endings or naked nerve

102
Q

Vitamin for Reproduction, Growth, Bone and tooth development, skin health, vision, immune system, antioxidant

A

Vitamin A

103
Q

Other name of Vit A

A

Retinol

104
Q

Vitamin A Deficiency

A

Nyctalopia “Night Blindness”

105
Q

Eyes have trouble quickly adjusting to changes in brightness or have issues with detecting light

A

Nyctalopia

106
Q

Vitamin for nerve function

A

Vit b1

107
Q

Other name for Vit b1

A

Thiamin

108
Q

Vit b1 deficiency

A

Beriberi

109
Q

Vitamin for growth and rbc production

A

vit b2

110
Q

other name for Vit b2

A

Riboflavin

111
Q

Vit b2 deficiency

A

Angular cheilitis, glossitis and sore throat

112
Q

Aka Angular cheilitis

A

Perleche

113
Q

Angular cheilitis

A

Angle Cheilo”Lips” Infection

114
Q

Vitamin for digestion and atp production

A

Vit b3

115
Q

Other name for Vit b3

A

Niacin/Nicotinic acid

116
Q

Vit b3 deficiency

A

Pellagra (Diarrhea, Dermatitis, Dementia, and Death)

117
Q

Pellagra

A

Diarrhea
Dermatitis
Dementia
Death

118
Q

Vitamin for RBC production, pregnancy (development of embryo)

A

Vit b9

119
Q

Other name for Vit b9

A

Folic acid

120
Q

Vit b9 deficiency

A

Megaloblastic anemia ( Folate-deficiency anemia)

121
Q

other name for Vit b10

A

Para-Amino benzoic acid/PABA

122
Q

For RBC production

A

Vit b12

123
Q

other name for Vit b12

A

Cyanocobalamin

124
Q

Vit b12 deficiency

A

Megaloblastic anemia (Pernicious anemia)

125
Q

Beefy tongue

A

Megaloblastic anemia (Pernicious anemia)

126
Q

Vitamin for promotes wound healing and maintains healthy tissue, collagen production

A

Vitamin C

127
Q

Other name for vitamin C

A

Ascorbic acid

128
Q

Vit C deficiency

A

Scurvy (Scorbutic gingivitis)

129
Q

Diseases associated with desquamative gingivitis

A

Pemphigus vulgaris
Bullous pemphigoid

130
Q

Vitamin for calcium absorption

A

Vit D

131
Q

“Sunshine vitamin”

A

Vit D

132
Q

other name for Vit D

A

Calciferol

133
Q

Vit D deficiency

A

Rickets - Child
Osteomalacia - Adult

134
Q

Vitamins for antioxidants, scavenger for free radicals in cell, stimulates immune system

A

Vitamin E

135
Q

Vitamin E deficiency

A

Enamel defects (in rats) - not seen in humans

136
Q

other name for Vit E

A

Tocopherol

137
Q

Vitamin produced by small intestine; for clotting

A

Vitamin K
‘Klotting”

138
Q

Vit k deficiency

A

Bleeding tendency

139
Q

Active form of Vit. D

A

Calcitriol
Aka 1,25-Dihydroxycholecalciferol

140
Q

Aka Farmers carcinoma

A

Basal cell carcinoma

141
Q

Most common skin cancer located in the MIDFACE

A

Basal Cell Carcinoma
Aka Farmers carcinoma

142
Q

Spread of cancer cells from one part of the body to another

A

Metastasis

143
Q
A

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