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Anaphy > Integumentary System > Flashcards

Integumentary System Flashcards

1
Q

Consists of the skin and accessory
structures, such as hair, glands, and nails.

A

Integumentary system

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2
Q

Functions of integumentary system

A
  1. Protection
  2. Sensation
  3. Temperature regulation
  4. Vitamin D production
  5. Excretion
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3
Q

It is the superficial layer of the skin, consisting of stratified
squamous epithelial tissue

A

Epidermis

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4
Q

The epidermis rests on the …..

A

Dermis

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5
Q

A layer of loose connective tissue

A

Subcutaneous tissue

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6
Q

What type of epithelium is the epidermis

A

Stratified squamous epithelium

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7
Q

Most
cells of the epidermis are called

A

Keratinocytes

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8
Q

Keratinocytes produce protein mixture called

A

Keratin

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9
Q

Divides the epidermis into layers

A

Strata

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10
Q

The five strata (bottom to top)

A
  1. stratum basale
  2. stratum spinosum
  3. stratum granulosum
  4. stratum lucidum
  5. stratum corneum
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11
Q

The deepest portion of the epidermis is a single layer of cuboidal or
columnar cells

A

stratum basale

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12
Q

Superficial to the stratum basale. Has a flattened appearance and accumulates lipid-filled vesicles called lamellar bodies

A

stratum spinosum

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12
Q

Other term for stratum basale

A

stratum germinativum

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12
Q

consists of two to five
layers of somewhat flattened, diamond-shaped cells

A

stratum granulosum

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12
Q

Stratum granulosum derives its name from the presence of protein granules of …

A

keratuhyalin

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13
Q

a thin, clear zone above the
stratum granulosum

A

stratum lucidum

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14
Q

has all five strata and is found in areas subjected to pressure or friction

A

thick skin

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15
Q

lacks the stratum lucidum

A

thin skin

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16
Q

The last, and most superficial, stratum of the epidermis. Consists of dead squamous cell filled with keratin

A

stratum corneum

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17
Q

skin subjected to friction or pressure

A

callus

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18
Q

skin over bony prominences develop a cone-shaped structure

A

corn

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19
Q

responsible for the strength of the dermis

A

keratin and elastic fibers

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20
Q

this is produced due to fibers being orientated in some direction that in others

A

cleavage lines or tension lines

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21
Q

If the skin is overstretched, it leaves lines that are visible through the epidermis

A

stretch mark

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22
Q

the upper part of the dermis has a projection called

A

dermal papillae

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23
Q

curving ridges that shape the overlying epidermis into patterns

A

friction ridges

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24
Q

delivers material to the blood slowly

A

intradermal injection

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25
Q

example of intradermal injection

A

tuberculin skin test

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26
Q

achieved by pinching the skin and inserting a short needle

A

subcutaneous inejction

27
Q

example of subcutaneous injection

A

insulin injection

28
Q

delivers material to the blood faster and is accomplished y inserting a long needle at a 90-degree angle

A

intramuscular injection

29
Q

example of intramuscular injection

A

vaccines and certain antibiotics

30
Q

group of pigments responsible for skin, hair, and eye color

A

melanin

31
Q

melanin is produced by

A

melanocytes

32
Q

affects cells in the
stratum basale.

A

basale cell carcinoma

32
Q

melanin is packaged into vesicle called

A

melanosomes

32
Q

affects cells in the stratum
spinosum and can appear as a wartlike growth

A

squamous cell carcinoma

32
Q

rare form of skin cancer that arises
from melanocytes, usually in a preexisting mole

A

malignant melanoma

33
Q

a recessive genetic trait that causes a deficiency or an absence of melanin

A

albinism

34
Q

decrease in the blood O2 content produces a bluish color of the skin

A

cyanosis

35
Q

a yellow pigment found in plants such as squash and carrots and are lipid-soluble

A

carotene

36
Q

attaches the skin to underlying bone and muscle and supplies it with blood vessels and nerves

A

subcutaneous tissue or hypodermis

37
Q

other term for subcutaneous tissue

A

hypodermis

38
Q

found everywhere on the skin except the
palms, the soles, the lips, the nipples, parts of the external genitalia,
and the distal segments of the fingers and toes.

A

Hair

39
Q

invagination of the epidermis that extends deep into the epidermis

A

hair follicle

40
Q

protrudes above the surface of the skin

A

shaft

41
Q

located below the surface

A

root

42
Q

the base of the root is expanded to form the …

A

hair bulb

43
Q

surrounds the medulla and forms the bulk of the hair

A

cortex

44
Q

The cortex is covered by

A

cuticle

45
Q

the cortex surrounds a softer center

A

medulla

46
Q

an extension of the dermis that protrudes into the hair bulb

A

hair papilla

47
Q

Associated with each hair follicle are smooth muscle cells called

A

arrector pili

48
Q

located in the dermis, are simple
or compound alveolar glands that produce sebum

A

sebaceous glands

49
Q

an oily, white substance rich in lipids

A

sebum

50
Q

They are simple, coiled, tubular
glands and release sweat by merocrine secretion

A

eccrine sweat glands

51
Q

simple, coiled, tubular
glands that produce a thick secretion rich in organic substance

A

apocrine sweat glands

52
Q

a thin plate consisting of layers of dead stratum corneum
cells that contain a very hard type of keratin

A

nail

53
Q

covered by skin

A

nail root

54
Q

the visible portion
of the nail.

A

nail body

55
Q

stratum corneum that extends onto the nail body

A

cuticle or eponychium

56
Q

other term for cuticle

A

eponychium

57
Q

The nail root extends distally from the

A

nail matrix

58
Q

distal to the nail matrix

A

nail bed

59
Q

seen through the nail body as a whitish, crescent-shaped area at the base of the nail

A

lunula

60
Q

it is an injury to a tissue caused by heat, cold, friction, chemicals,
electricity, or radiation.

A

burn

61
Q

this type or burn, stratum basale remains viable, and regeneration of the epidermis occurs from within the burn area

A

partial-thickness burns

62
Q

two types of partial-thickness burns

A

first and second degree burns

63
Q

involve only the epidermis and may result in redness, pain, and slight edema (swelling)

A

first degree burns

64
Q

damage the epidermis and dermis.
Minimal dermal damage causes redness, pain, edema, and blisters.
Healing takes approximately 2 weeks, and no scarring results

A

second degree burns

65
Q

The epidermis and dermis are completely destroyed, and deeper
tissue may be involved.

A

full-thickness burns or third degree burns

66
Q

extremely severe burns that affect tissues deeper than the subcutaneous tissue

A

fourth degree burns

Anaphy (4 decks)

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