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Anaphy > Human Organism > Flashcards

Human Organism Flashcards

1
Q

investigates the structure of the body

A

anatomy

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2
Q

what does the word “anatomy” mean?

A

to dissect, or cut apart and separate the parts of the body for study

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3
Q

examines the relationship between the structure of a body part and its function

A

anatomy

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4
Q

two basic approach to study anatomy

A

systematic and regional anatomy

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5
Q

it is the study of the body by system, such as the cardiovascular, nervous, skeletal and muscular

A

systematic anatomy

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6
Q

it is the organization of the body by areas

A

regional anatomy

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7
Q

two general ways to examine the internal structures of a living person

A

surface anatomy and anatomical imaging

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8
Q

studies the external features

A

surface anatomy

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9
Q

involves the use of x-ray, MRI, and other technologies to create pictures of internal structures

A

anatomical imaging

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10
Q

deals with the process or functions of living things

A

physiology

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11
Q

two major goals in physiology

A

1) examining the body’s response to stimuli
2) examining the body’s maintenance of stable internal conditions

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12
Q

study of humans

A

human physiology

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13
Q

focuses on processes inside cells such as the manufacturing of substances

A

cellular physiology

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14
Q

focuses on the function of organ systems

A

systematic physiology

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15
Q

Level of organization for the human body

A

1) chemical level
2) cell level
3) tissue level
4) organ level
5) organ system level
6) organism level

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16
Q

involves how atoms interact and combine into molecules

A

chemical level

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17
Q

basic structural and functions units of organisms

A

cell

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18
Q

carries out particular functions, includes digestion and movement for cell

A

organelles

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19
Q

group of similar cells and the materials surrounding them

A

tissue

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20
Q

four primary types of tissues

A
  1. epithelial
  2. connective
  3. muscle
  4. nervous
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21
Q

composed of two or more tissue types that together perform one or more common functions

A

organ

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22
Q

group of organs that together perform a common function or set of functions

A

organ systems

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23
Q

11 major organ systems

A
  1. integumentary
  2. skeletal
  3. nervous
  4. muscular
  5. endocrine
  6. respiratory
  7. digestive
  8. lymphatic
  9. cardiovascular
  10. reproductive
24
Q

any living thing considered as a whole

A

organism

25
Q

the six characteristics of life

A
  1. organization
  2. metabolism
  3. responsiveness
  4. growth
  5. development
  6. reproduction
26
Q

specific interrelationships among the individual parts on an organism

A

organization

27
Q

use energy to perform other vital functions, such as growth, movements and reproduction

A

metabolism

28
Q

ability to sense changes in the external or internal environment and adjust to those changes

A

responsiveness

29
Q

increase in the size or number of cells, which produces an overall enlargement

A

growth

30
Q

changes an organism undergoes through time

A

development

31
Q

changes in a cell’s structure and function

A

differentiation

32
Q

formation of new cells or new organisms

A

reproduction

33
Q

it is the maintenance of a relatively constant environment within the body

A

homeostasis

34
Q

deviation from the set point is made smaller or is resisted

A

negative feedback

35
Q

maintains variation within a normal range

A

negative feedback

36
Q

monitors the value of a variable by detecting stimuli

A

receptors

37
Q

determines the set point for the variable and receives input from the receptor about the variable

A

control center

38
Q

adjust the value of the variable when directed by the control center

A

effector

39
Q

change variable

A

stimulus

40
Q

most anatomical terms are derived from what language

A

Greek or latin

41
Q

person standing upright with face directed forward, the limbs hanging to the sides, and the palms of the hands facing forward

A

anatomical position

42
Q

lying face upward

A

supine

43
Q

lying face downward

A

prone

44
Q

above

A

superior

45
Q

below

A

inferior

46
Q

in front of

A

anterior

47
Q

behind

A

posterior

48
Q

to the front of the body

A

anterior or ventral

49
Q

the back of the body

A

posterior or dorsal

50
Q

close to

A

proximal

51
Q

far from

A

distal

52
Q

away from the surface

A

deep

53
Q

toward or on the surface

A

superficial

54
Q

toward the midline

A

medial

55
Q

away from the midline

A

lateral

56
Q

quadrants

A
  1. right upper quadrant
  2. left upper quadrant
  3. right lower quadrant
  4. left lower quadrant
57
Q

regions

A
  1. right hypochondriac region
  2. epigastric region
  3. left hypochondriac region
  4. right lumbar region
  5. umbilical region
  6. left lumber region
  7. right iliac region
  8. hypogastric region
  9. left iliac region

Anaphy (4 decks)

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