Human Organism

Question 1

investigates the structure of the body

Answer 1

anatomy

Question 2

what does the word “anatomy” mean?

Answer 2

to dissect, or cut apart and separate the parts of the body for study

Question 3

examines the relationship between the structure of a body part and its function

Answer 3

anatomy

Question 4

two basic approach to study anatomy

Answer 4

systematic and regional anatomy

Question 5

it is the study of the body by system, such as the cardiovascular, nervous, skeletal and muscular

Answer 5

systematic anatomy

Question 6

it is the organization of the body by areas

Answer 6

regional anatomy

Question 7

two general ways to examine the internal structures of a living person

Answer 7

surface anatomy and anatomical imaging

Question 8

studies the external features

Answer 8

surface anatomy

Question 9

involves the use of x-ray, MRI, and other technologies to create pictures of internal structures

Answer 9

anatomical imaging

Question 10

deals with the process or functions of living things

Answer 10

physiology

Question 11

two major goals in physiology

Answer 11

1) examining the body’s response to stimuli
2) examining the body’s maintenance of stable internal conditions

Question 12

study of humans

Answer 12

human physiology

Question 13

focuses on processes inside cells such as the manufacturing of substances

Answer 13

cellular physiology

Question 14

focuses on the function of organ systems

Answer 14

systematic physiology

Question 15

Level of organization for the human body

Answer 15

1) chemical level
2) cell level
3) tissue level
4) organ level
5) organ system level
6) organism level

Question 16

involves how atoms interact and combine into molecules

Answer 16

chemical level

Question 17

basic structural and functions units of organisms

Answer 17

cell

Question 18

carries out particular functions, includes digestion and movement for cell

Answer 18

organelles

Question 19

group of similar cells and the materials surrounding them

Answer 19

tissue

Question 20

four primary types of tissues

Answer 20

1. epithelial
2. connective
3. muscle
4. nervous

Question 21

composed of two or more tissue types that together perform one or more common functions

Answer 21

organ

Question 22

group of organs that together perform a common function or set of functions

Answer 22

organ systems

Question 23

11 major organ systems

Answer 23

1. integumentary
2. skeletal
3. nervous
4. muscular
5. endocrine
6. respiratory
7. digestive
8. lymphatic
9. cardiovascular
10. reproductive

Question 24

any living thing considered as a whole

Answer 24

organism

Question 25

the six characteristics of life

Answer 25

1. organization 2. metabolism 3. responsiveness 4. growth 5. development 6. reproduction

Question 26

specific interrelationships among the individual parts on an organism

Answer 26

organization

Question 27

use energy to perform other vital functions, such as growth, movements and reproduction

Answer 27

metabolism

Question 28

ability to sense changes in the external or internal environment and adjust to those changes

Answer 28

responsiveness

Question 29

increase in the size or number of cells, which produces an overall enlargement

Answer 29

growth

Question 30

changes an organism undergoes through time

Answer 30

development

Question 31

changes in a cell's structure and function

Answer 31

differentiation

Question 32

formation of new cells or new organisms

Answer 32

reproduction

Question 33

it is the maintenance of a relatively constant environment within the body

Answer 33

homeostasis

Question 34

deviation from the set point is made smaller or is resisted

Answer 34

negative feedback

Question 35

maintains variation within a normal range

Answer 35

negative feedback

Question 36

monitors the value of a variable by detecting stimuli

Answer 36

receptors

Question 37

determines the set point for the variable and receives input from the receptor about the variable

Answer 37

control center

Question 38

adjust the value of the variable when directed by the control center

Answer 38

effector

Question 39

change variable

Answer 39

stimulus

Question 40

most anatomical terms are derived from what language

Answer 40

Greek or latin

Question 41

person standing upright with face directed forward, the limbs hanging to the sides, and the palms of the hands facing forward

Answer 41

anatomical position

Question 42

lying face upward

Answer 42

supine

Question 43

lying face downward

Answer 43

prone

Question 44

above

Answer 44

superior

Question 45

below

Answer 45

inferior

Question 46

in front of

Answer 46

anterior

Question 47

behind

Answer 47

posterior

Question 48

to the front of the body

Answer 48

anterior or ventral

Question 49

the back of the body

Answer 49

posterior or dorsal

Question 50

close to

Answer 50

proximal

Question 51

far from

Answer 51

distal

Question 52

away from the surface

Answer 52

deep

Question 53

toward or on the surface

Answer 53

superficial

Question 54

toward the midline

Answer 54

medial

Question 55

away from the midline

Answer 55

lateral

Question 56

quadrants

Answer 56

1. right upper quadrant 2. left upper quadrant 3. right lower quadrant 4. left lower quadrant

Question 57

regions

Answer 57

1. right hypochondriac region 2. epigastric region 3. left hypochondriac region 4. right lumbar region 5. umbilical region 6. left lumber region 7. right iliac region 8. hypogastric region 9. left iliac region