Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anaphy > Cell Structures and their Function > Flashcards

Cell Structures and their Function Flashcards

1
Q

Within a cell, specialized structure performs specific functions

A

organelles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

living material surrounding the nucleus

A

cytoplasm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

cytoplasm is enclosed by

A

cell membrane or plasma membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

other term for cell membrane

A

plasma membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

four main functions of a cell

A
  1. cell metabolism and energy use
  2. synthesis of molecules
  3. communication
  4. reproduction and inheritance
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

energy released during metabolism is used for cell activities

A

cell metabolism and energy use

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

cell synthesize various types of molecules, including proteins, nucleic acid and lipids

A

synthesis of molecules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

cells produce and receive chemical and electrical signals

A

communication

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

each cell contains a copy of the genetic information of the individual

A

reproduction and inheritance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

substance outside the cell

A

extracellular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

inside the cell

A

cytoplasmic or intracellular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

other term for cytoplasmic

A

intracellular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

functions of a cell membrane

A
  1. supporting the cell contents
  2. acting as a selective barrier that determines what moves into and out of the cell
  3. playing a role in communication between cell
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

two major types of molecules in cell membrane

A
  1. phospholipids
  2. proteins
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

allow some substances, but not others, to pass into or out of the cell

A

selectively permeable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

passive membrane transport mechanism

A
  1. diffusion
  2. osmosis
  3. facilitated diffusion
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

active membrane mechanism

A
  1. active transport
  2. secondary active transport
  3. endocytosis
  4. exocytosis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

composed of two major parts, solutes and solvents

A

solution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

dissolved in a predominant liquid or gas

A

solutes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

predominant liquid or gas

A

solvent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

solute moving from higher concentration to a lower concentration in solution

A

diffusion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

difference in the concentration of a solute in a solvent between two points divided by the distance between the two points

A

concentration gradient

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

diffusion of water across selectively permeable membrane

A

osmosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

osmosis occurs when…

A

cell membrane is less permeable, selectively permeable, or not permeable to solutes and a concentration gradient for water exist across the cell membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

force required to prevent the movement of water across a selectively permeable membrane

A

osmotic pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

hypo

A

under

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

solution has a lower concentration of solutes and higher concentration of water relative to the cytoplasm of the vell

A

hypotonic

28
Q

if the cells swells enough, it can rupture, a process called

A

lysis

29
Q

solution has higher concentration of solutes and a lower concentration of water

A

hypertonic

30
Q

cell shrinkage

A

crenation

31
Q

medial transport process involving membrane proteins such as channels or carrier proteins, to move substance across the cell membrane

A

facilitated diffusion

32
Q

constantly allow ions to pass through

A

leak channels

33
Q

limit the movement if ions across the membrane by opening and closing

A

gated channel

34
Q

proteins within the cell membrane, are also involved in facilitated diffusion

A

carrier molecules

35
Q

carrier molecules exhibit ……

A

specificity

36
Q

utilizes membrane proteins to move substances across the cell membrane

A

active transport

37
Q

from lower concentration to a higher concentration

A

active transport

38
Q

active transport requires energy in a form of …..

A

ATP

39
Q

genetic disorder that affects the active transport of Cl- intro cells

A

cystic fibrosis

40
Q

active transport of one substance across the cell membrane

A

secondary active transport

41
Q

moves in the same direction as the transported substance

A

contransport

42
Q

moves in a direction opposite to that of the transported substance

A

countertransport

43
Q

uptake of material through the cell membrane by the formation of a vesicle

A

endocytosis

44
Q

used for endocytosis when solid particles are ingested

A

phagocytosis

45
Q

a much smaller vesicle are formed and contains liquid rather than solid particles

A

pinocytosis

46
Q

release of substance front the cell through the fusion of a vesicle with a cell membrane

A

exocytosis

47
Q

contents of the nucleus is separated from the rest of the cytoplasm by a

A

nuclear envelope

48
Q

the inner and outer membranes of the nucleus come together to form

A

nuclear pores

49
Q

this genetic material is organized into 23 pairs of

A

chromosome

50
Q

how many pairs of chromosome

A

23

51
Q

when chromosome are loosely coiled, they are called

A

chromatin

52
Q

diffuse bodies with no surrounding membrane that are fond within the nucleus

A

nucleoli

53
Q

where proteins are produced

A

ribosome

54
Q

forming sacs and tubules hat extends from the outer nuclear membrane into the cytoplasm

A

endoplasmic reticulum

55
Q

attached with ribosome

A

rough er

56
Q

without attached ribosome

A

smooth er

57
Q

golgi apparatus or

A

golgi complex

58
Q

closely packed stacks of curved, membrane-bound sac

A

golgi apparatus

59
Q

membrane bound vesicles formed from the golgi apparatus

A

lysosome

60
Q

inability of lysosomal enzyme to break down the carbohydrate glycogen produced in certain cells

A

pompe disease

61
Q

small, membrane bound vesicle containing enzymes that breaks down fatty acids, amino acids, hydrogen peroxide

A

peroxisome

62
Q

small organelle with inner and outer membranes separated by a space

A

mitochondria

63
Q

inner membranes in the mitochondira have numerous folds called

A

cristae

64
Q

material within the inner membrane of the mitochondria

A

mitochondrial matrix

65
Q

contains enzyme in mitochondria

A

mitochondrial DNA

Anaphy (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions