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Anatomy Exam 1 > integumentary system #1 > Flashcards

integumentary system #1 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 layers of the integumentary

A

Epidermis - most superficial layer
Dermis - middle layer
Hypodermis - deepest layer

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2
Q

Vasoconstriction

A

shrinking of the veins to hold heat in the body

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3
Q

Vasodilation

A

growing of the veins to release heat from the body

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4
Q

Role of vitamin D with the skin

A

the skin is able to absorb uv light containing vitamin D, which is essential for the process of absorbing calcium and phosphorus from the small intestine for the synthesis of healthy bones

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5
Q

What is Rickets

A

caused by lack of UV light which will give you a lack of vitamin D, causes weight bearing bones to start bowing

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6
Q

What causes wrinkles

A

excessive exposures to damaging UV light

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7
Q

How can the skin eliminate waste products

A

Perspiration (sweat)

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8
Q

5 layers of the epidermis from most superficial to deepest

A
  1. Stratum Corneum
    2.Stratum Lucidum
  2. Stratum Granulosum
  3. Stratum spinosum
  4. Stratum Basale
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9
Q

What parts of the body have 5 layers

A

Palms, soles and lips

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10
Q

Which layer is only found in the palms soles and lips

A

Stratum Lucidum

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11
Q

Consists of a single layer of cells that are mitotically active and contains pigmented melanocytes

A

Stratum Basale

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12
Q

What kind of cells are located in the stratum basale

A

Keratinocytes
tactile (Merkel) cells
epidermal dendritic cells
melanocytes

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13
Q

What cell plays a big part in skin color

A

Melanocytes

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14
Q

Skin layer that consists of several layers of cells that have numerous spine-like projections. Limited amount of mitotically active cells`

A

Stratum Spinosum

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15
Q

Skin layer that consists of 3-5 layers of flattened cells containing dark staining granules. The process of keratinization begins in this layer

A

Stratum Granulosum

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16
Q

Skin layer that consists of 2-3 rows of clear, flat dead cells. Only exists in the palms, soles and lips

A

Stratum Lucidum

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17
Q

Skin layer that consist of 20-30 layers of flattened, dead, scale like cells

A

Stratum Corneum

18
Q

What is cornification

A

the hardening flattening process that takes place as cells migrate to the surface

19
Q

This results from stimulation of the stratum basale cells

A

Callus

20
Q

does this skin have sebaceous glands

A

No

21
Q

What are the different characteristics of thick skin vs thin skin

A

thick skin is found on palms, soles. It contains all 5 layers of the epidermis and does not contain hair follicles or sebaceous glands

22
Q

What are the 3 main contributors to skin color

A

Melanin
hemoglobin
carotene

23
Q

What causes albinism

A

your cells do not produce melanin. You have to be careful while in the sun

24
Q

what is vitiligo

A

patches of cells that don’t produce melanin

25
Q

This is blueness due to lack of oxygen in the blood

A

Cyanosis

26
Q

Blueness in the extremities

A

Acrocyanosis

27
Q

Lack of flow of hemoglobin

A

Pallor of the hand in anemia

28
Q

What causes Jaundice

A

excess bilirubin

29
Q

Blanching caused by pressing on area of body with fingers on a dead person. Can usually see this within the first 6 hours of death

A

Postmortem Lividity

30
Q

Localized overgrowth of melanin forming cells

A

Mole

31
Q

genetically determined aggregated patches of increased melanin production

A

Freckles

32
Q

congenial abnormality that results in skin discoloration due to blood vessels that proliferate

A

Hemangioma

33
Q

These are caused by underlying dermal papillae and help us to grip things better

A

Epidermal friction ridges

34
Q

The outermost layer of the dermis

A

Stratum Papillarosum

35
Q

What connects the epidermis and the dermis

A

epidermal ridges and dermal papillae

36
Q

Stratum reticularosum

A

dermal layer where you can find collagen and elastin fibers that effect stretchynes

37
Q

Where are blood vessels found in the skin

A

Stratum reticularosum in the dermis

38
Q

Stretching the skin too much (stretch marks)

A

Striae (lineae albicantes_

39
Q

Lines of cleavage and their role in scar tissue formation

A

lines in skin caused by elastic fibers. Make cuts along lines of cleavage for better healing

40
Q

Continuous pressure on body parts or regions

A

Decubitus ulcers (bed sores)
Have to move about every 2 hours to prevetnt these

41
Q

what is stored in the hypodermis

A

loose fibrous connective tissue
Blood vessels
fat (adipose tissue)

Anatomy Exam 1 (5 decks)

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