integumentary system #1

Question 1

What are the 3 layers of the integumentary

Answer 1

Epidermis - most superficial layer
Dermis - middle layer
Hypodermis - deepest layer

Question 2

Vasoconstriction

Answer 2

shrinking of the veins to hold heat in the body

Question 3

Vasodilation

Answer 3

growing of the veins to release heat from the body

Question 4

Role of vitamin D with the skin

Answer 4

the skin is able to absorb uv light containing vitamin D, which is essential for the process of absorbing calcium and phosphorus from the small intestine for the synthesis of healthy bones

Question 5

What is Rickets

Answer 5

caused by lack of UV light which will give you a lack of vitamin D, causes weight bearing bones to start bowing

Question 6

What causes wrinkles

Answer 6

excessive exposures to damaging UV light

Question 7

How can the skin eliminate waste products

Answer 7

Perspiration (sweat)

Question 8

5 layers of the epidermis from most superficial to deepest

Answer 8

1. Stratum Corneum
   2.Stratum Lucidum
2. Stratum Granulosum
3. Stratum spinosum
4. Stratum Basale

Question 9

What parts of the body have 5 layers

Answer 9

Palms, soles and lips

Question 10

Which layer is only found in the palms soles and lips

Answer 10

Stratum Lucidum

Question 11

Consists of a single layer of cells that are mitotically active and contains pigmented melanocytes

Answer 11

Stratum Basale

Question 12

What kind of cells are located in the stratum basale

Answer 12

Keratinocytes
tactile (Merkel) cells
epidermal dendritic cells
melanocytes

Question 13

What cell plays a big part in skin color

Answer 13

Melanocytes

Question 14

Skin layer that consists of several layers of cells that have numerous spine-like projections. Limited amount of mitotically active cells`

Answer 14

Stratum Spinosum

Question 15

Skin layer that consists of 3-5 layers of flattened cells containing dark staining granules. The process of keratinization begins in this layer

Answer 15

Stratum Granulosum

Question 16

Skin layer that consists of 2-3 rows of clear, flat dead cells. Only exists in the palms, soles and lips

Answer 16

Stratum Lucidum

Question 17

Skin layer that consist of 20-30 layers of flattened, dead, scale like cells

Answer 17

Stratum Corneum

Question 18

What is cornification

Answer 18

the hardening flattening process that takes place as cells migrate to the surface

Question 19

This results from stimulation of the stratum basale cells

Answer 19

Callus

Question 20

does this skin have sebaceous glands

Answer 20

No

Question 21

What are the different characteristics of thick skin vs thin skin

Answer 21

thick skin is found on palms, soles. It contains all 5 layers of the epidermis and does not contain hair follicles or sebaceous glands

Question 22

What are the 3 main contributors to skin color

Answer 22

Melanin
hemoglobin
carotene

Question 23

What causes albinism

Answer 23

your cells do not produce melanin. You have to be careful while in the sun

Question 24

what is vitiligo

Answer 24

patches of cells that don’t produce melanin

Question 25

This is blueness due to lack of oxygen in the blood

Answer 25

Cyanosis

Question 26

Blueness in the extremities

Answer 26

Acrocyanosis

Question 27

Lack of flow of hemoglobin

Answer 27

Pallor of the hand in anemia

Question 28

What causes Jaundice

Answer 28

excess bilirubin

Question 29

Blanching caused by pressing on area of body with fingers on a dead person. Can usually see this within the first 6 hours of death

Answer 29

Postmortem Lividity

Question 30

Localized overgrowth of melanin forming cells

Answer 30

Mole

Question 31

genetically determined aggregated patches of increased melanin production

Answer 31

Freckles

Question 32

congenial abnormality that results in skin discoloration due to blood vessels that proliferate

Answer 32

Hemangioma

Question 33

These are caused by underlying dermal papillae and help us to grip things better

Answer 33

Epidermal friction ridges

Question 34

The outermost layer of the dermis

Answer 34

Stratum Papillarosum

Question 35

What connects the epidermis and the dermis

Answer 35

epidermal ridges and dermal papillae

Question 36

Stratum reticularosum

Answer 36

dermal layer where you can find collagen and elastin fibers that effect stretchynes

Question 37

Where are blood vessels found in the skin

Answer 37

Stratum reticularosum in the dermis

Question 38

Stretching the skin too much (stretch marks)

Answer 38

Striae (lineae albicantes_

Question 39

Lines of cleavage and their role in scar tissue formation

Answer 39

lines in skin caused by elastic fibers. Make cuts along lines of cleavage for better healing

Question 40

Continuous pressure on body parts or regions

Answer 40

Decubitus ulcers (bed sores) Have to move about every 2 hours to prevetnt these

Question 41

what is stored in the hypodermis

Answer 41

loose fibrous connective tissue Blood vessels fat (adipose tissue)