integumantary system #2 Flashcards
What is the primary function of hair
Prectection
is the shaft of the hair living or dead cells
dead
Is the hair follicle part of the dermis or epidermis?
epidermis, while most is located in the dermis, it is surrounded by epidermal cells (part of stratum basale)
Anatomy of a hair folicle from most superficial to deepest
Shaft
Root
Bulb
Pulls hair so it goes more straight up. Can be stimulated in response to emotional states such as fear or rage. Also stimulated in the cold
Arrector pili muscle
What can hair help with
protection
heat retention
facial expression
visual identification
chemical signal dispersal (phermones)
Where are phermones released
hair (pili)
what organ in the nose picks up the scent of phermones
vomernasal organ
What do phermones do
aide in sexual attraction
help with syncing of menstrual cycles
What causes white or grey hair
caused by lack of melanin in stratum basal when hair is being formed in the hair follicle
What causes different types of hair color
the different cells in the stratum basale
What can cause hair loss
dietary deficiencies
high fever
radiation
drugs
genetics
changes in hormonal levels
aging
These produce sweat to help regulate body tempurature
sudoriferous glands
These produce milk
mammary glands
this is the hormone that causes the body to produce milk in the mammary glands
prolactin
These produce cerumin (ear wax) and help ear cannal stay hydrated and moist
Ceruminous glands
These make sebum to keep hair supple and in good condition
Sebaceous glands
What are some causes of burns
heat
radiation
chemicals
electricity
Signs of a superficial (first-degree) burn
blanching in the skin
pain
vasodilation
redness due to more blood flow in area
Signs of partial thickness (second-degree) burns
burn through the epidermis
very painful
blisters
fluid rushes to area
redness
Signs of full-thickness (third-degree) burns
-Burn through epidermal and dermal layers
-not painful due to nerve endings in dermis being burned
-have to worry about fluid retention and infection
-usually a skin graft is needed
What is a skin graft
taking healthy skin from area of body and placing it in burned/damaged area
What are the 2 ways that damaged tissues are usually repaired in the body
Regeneration
Fibrosis
Regeneration healing
replacement of damaged or dead cells with same cell type
Fibrosis healing
when regeneration is not possible because part of the organ is too severely damaged or its cells lack the capacity to divide, the body fills in the gap with scar tissue in a process known as “fibrosis”
what is granulation tissue
tissue that fills in the gaps of deeper wounds
3 ways how to keep a wound healing
warm
moist
clean
this disease is often caused by the bacterium staphylococcus aureus
Impetigo
this is occationally confused with intentionally caused burns, but it is actually caused by the bacterium staphylococcus aureus
Scalded skin syndrome
What are some causes that aging has on the skin
thin skin
sag
wrinkle
more susceptible to infection
become drier
more susceptible to skin cancer
hairs lose their pigmentation
Liver spots
benign growth of melanocytes
