integumentary alterations packet: unit 1

Question 1

how would you cover a small open wound

Answer 1

adhesive bandages

Question 2

how would you cover a large open wound

Answer 2

occlusive dressing

Question 3

when would you remove dressing of a open wound

Answer 3

if there is leakage

Question 4

what is a way to relieve pruitus

Answer 4

cooling baths or compresses, avoid itching!

Question 5

what is contact dermatitis and what are some examples

Answer 5

inflammatory reaction of skin to chemical
example: diaper dermatitis, reaction to wool

Question 6

what is irritant contact dermatitis and what are some examples

Answer 6

inflammatory response but no immune response due to external irritant
example: soap, bleach, lotion, urine, or stool

Question 7

what is allergen contact dermatitis and what are some examples

Answer 7

antigen absorbed from skin triggers immune response
examples: poison ivy, latex, fragrances

Question 8

what is eczema

Answer 8

a type of pruritic eczema that begins during infancy

Question 9

what are 4 ways to relieve eczema

Answer 9

relieve pruritus
hydrate skin
reduce inflammation
prevent or control secondary infection

Question 10

what is psoriasis

Answer 10

a chronic autoimmune disorder

Question 11

what is impetigo

Answer 11

highly contagious infection that is caused by strep or staph infections.

Question 12

what is cellulitis

Answer 12

a localized bacterial infection of the skin

Question 13

what is fungal skin infections and some examples

Answer 13

superficial infections that live on the skin
examples: ring worm

Question 14

what is pediculosis capitis (head lice)

Answer 14

a very common bug that attaches to the hair

Question 15

what is scabies

Answer 15

caused by scabies mite as female burrows

Question 16

what are bed bugs

Answer 16

parasites feeds on human blood and travel from object to things

Question 17

what are the two most common risk factors for skin cancer

Answer 17

sun and tanning beds

Question 18

what is lyme disease

Answer 18

an infection caused by a tick bite

Question 19

what are 4 things a nurse needs to assess before antimicrobial therapy

Answer 19

history of current infection
medication history
physical examination
psychosocial

Question 20

what nursing assessments need to be done during antimicrobial therapy

Answer 20

nausea, vomiting, diarrhea (the big three)
secondary infection (oral infections, lesions, itching in vagia or anal area)
allergies or anaphylaxis
GI symptoms

Question 21

what types of toxicities can develop during antimicrobial therapy

Answer 21

nephrotoxicity (kidneys)
hepatotoxicity (liver)
ototoxicity (ears)
blood dyscrasias