infectious disease packet: unit 1 Flashcards
what is the primary prevention of infectious diseases
immunizations
what are 3 of immunity types
active
passive
herd
how many types of influenza are there
two: A and B
how do you treat influenza
symptomatic treatments, lots of fluid and water
what is transmission for mononucleosis
person to person contact
how long is the incubation period for mononucleosis
4-8 weeks
what are some major signs and symptoms of mononucleosis
enlarged cervical lymph nodes, enlarged spleen, lasting 1-4 weeks
what are some complications of mononucleosis
splenomegaly, hepatomegaly
what is a major client teaching for mononucleosis
no contact sports for 6-8 weeks
what is pertussis also known as
whooping cough
what are some risk with pertussis
if they are <4 years old
lack of immunizations
how long can whooping cough last
6-10 weeks
what are some major complications of pertussis
encephalopathy (any disease in the brain that can alter brain function)
seizures
pneumonia
what is some treatment for pertussis
droplet isolation
hydration
antipyretics
antibiotics
treat those close/ family
how is mumps transmitted
droplet or direct contact
what is the incubation period of mumps
16-18 days
how long is mumps contagious
2-3 days before swelling happens to 5 days after
what is roseola
human herpes virus type 6
how is roseola transmitted
saliva
what is the incubation period for roseola
9-15 days
what are some signs and symptoms of roseola
fever for 3-4 days then rash appears
how is rubella transmitted
airborne thorugh respiratory droplets.
also found in blood stool and urine
how is rubella transmitted
airborne through respiratory secretions
also found in blood, stool, and urine
what is the incubation period for rubella
16-18 days
what are some complication of rubella
rare, greatest danger is teratogenic effect on fetus
how is rubeola (measles) transmitted
airborne through respiratory droplets
what is the communicability of rubeola
1-2 days before prodromal symptoms, 3-5 days before rash, 4 days after rash
how is varicella (chicken pox) transmitted
fluid from vesicles; oral and nasal eye secretions, coughing and sneezing
how long is varicella contagious for
2 day before rash till every vesicles have crusted over
signs and symptoms of varicella
slight fever, malaise, anorexia for 24 hours, rash highly pruritic (itchy)
how is herpes simplex virus 1 (cold sores or fever blisters) transmitted
by direct contact or contact with toys that have been in the mouth
how long is herpes simplex virus contagious for
1 week
what isolation should be used with herpes simplex virus
contact with gown and gloves
how is diphtheria transmitted
through respiratory droplets or contact with open sores
what are some signs and symptoms of diphtheria
swollen lymph nodes, difficulty swollowing, muscle weakness, barking cough, grayish membrane in the throat, hoarseness
what are some signs and symptoms of diphtheria
swollen lymph nodes, difficulty swallowing, muscle weakness, barking cough, grayish membrane in the throat, hoarseness
how is poliomyelitis transmitted
direct contact, food and water, respiratory droplets
what are some s/s of poliomyletis
fever, sore throat, anorexia, pain/ stiffness in neck, back and legs
what is the transmission of scarlet fever
respiratory droplet or direct contact
