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ZOOLOGY - MIDTERMS > INTEGUMENTARY > Flashcards

INTEGUMENTARY Flashcards

1
Q
  • external covering of an animal
A

Integument

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2
Q

-thick protein

A

pellicle

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3
Q

Plasma membrane as external covering

A

Single-celled Protozoa

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4
Q
  • in most multicellular invertebrate, outer layer
A

Epidermis

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5
Q

one- cell thick which secretes multilayered cuticle

A

Nematodes & Annelids

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6
Q
  • few cell layers thick
A

Hydra

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7
Q

–waxy substance in epidermis of
rotifers, crustaceans,
arachnids, insects,
nematodes & annelids

A

cuticle

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8
Q
  • CaCO3 in cnidarians (eg. corals) & Echinoderms (starfish, sea urchins)
A

shell

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9
Q
  • in parasitic flatworms
A

Tegument

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10
Q

for nutrient absorption & protection against digestion by host enzymes

A

Tegument

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11
Q
  • in echinoderms, ciliated epidermis & dermis containing CaCO3
A

Cilia

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12
Q

most complex of invertebrates bec. Integument is a specialized exoskeleton (chitinous)

A

Arthropods

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13
Q
  • largest organ (with respect to surface area)
A

SKIN

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14
Q

2 Main Layers:

A

Epidermis
Dermis

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15
Q

outermost layer of epithelial tissue (squamous

A

Epidermis

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16
Q

thicker layer of connective tissue beneath the epidermis

A

Dermis

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17
Q
  • thick skin due to multilayered epidermis w/ glandular cells & fat storage cells in the hypodermis
A

Jawless Fishes (Lampreys & Hagfishes)

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18
Q
  • multilayered & contains bone in the form of denticles (teeth
A

Cartilaginous Fishes ( Shark)

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19
Q
  • contains scales
A

Bony Fishes (Teleosts)

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20
Q

stratified & contains mucous & several glands plus pigmentation

A

Amphibians shark

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21
Q
  • thick epidermis & keratinized scales
A

Reptiles

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22
Q
  • soft & thin epidermis w/ no epidermal glands

-contains feathers

A

Birds

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23
Q

Consist of several layers

A

Mammals

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24
Q
  • stratified squamous epithelium
A

epidermis

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25
Q

-tough material (coiled protein) that waterproofs the skin & provides strength & flexibility to skin

26
Q
  • produced by melanocytes (in human); pigment responsible for skin color & protection from UV
27
Q

are found (for skin pigmentation)

A

chromatophores

28
Q
  • the uppermost thin layer of flat dead cell constantly shed off
A

Stratum corneum

29
Q
  • thick inner layer of stratified squamous epithelium; actively dividing
A

Stratum germinativum

30
Q

found only in thick skin like in palms, soles, and digits

31
Q

composed of S granulosum, S spinosum, S basale

A

Stratum germinativum

32
Q

They —- as they move through the stratum corneum

33
Q

made up of dead cells

A

Stratum corneum

34
Q

composed of a dense/fibrous connective tissue made up of collagen w/c imparts strength & flexibility

35
Q

thicker than epidermis

36
Q

more abundant in the dermis

A

Dense and fibrous

37
Q
  • loose connective e w/ blood vessels, nerves, cutaneous glands
A

Papillary layer/Stratum Spongiosum

38
Q
  • thick lower layer of dense irregular connective tissue w/ mostly collagen fibers (for strength); also contains blood vessels & nerves
A

Reticular Layer/Stratum compactum

39
Q

h8ghly vascular and nerves also

A

Papillary layer/Stratum Spongiosum

40
Q

highly vascular and innervated

A

Reticular Layer/Stratum compactum

41
Q

Secretes sebum provide moisture to skin

A

SEBACEOUS GLAND

42
Q
  • derived from the epidermis
43
Q
  • made of keratin
44
Q

Surrounded by nerve fibers important to the sense of touch

45
Q

in the deeper layer of dermis; for sweating (cooling)

A

Sweat/Sudoriferous glands

46
Q

receive information from the environment

A

Sensory receptors

47
Q

secretes sebum (oily substance that lubricates & softens

A

Oil/ Sebaceous glands

48
Q

perceive sensations such as pressure, vibrations, texture

A

Mechanoreceptors

49
Q

Four types of Mechanoreceptors

A

Meissner’s corpuscles
Merkel’s discs
Ruffini’s corpuscles
Pacinian corpuscles

50
Q
  • sensitive to light touch
A

Meissner’s corpuscles

51
Q
  • permit us to know that an object continues to touch the skin
A

Merkel’s discs

52
Q
  • adapt very slowly, inform us of heavy & continuous touch & pressure
A

Ruffini’s corpuscles

53
Q
  • especially sensitive to the deep pressure that causes rapid movement of the tissues
A

Pacinian corpuscles

54
Q

perceive sensations related to temperature endings

A

Thermoreceptors

55
Q

2 types of Thermoreceptors

A

Heat receptor
Cold receptor

56
Q
  • detect pain or stimuli that cause damage to skin
A

Nociceptors/Pain receptors

57
Q

Not considered part of the skin itself
Abundant in fat cells/adipose
Binds the skin to the body

A

Hypodermis/Subcutaneous Layer

58
Q
  • absence of integumentary glands
59
Q
  • are free nerve endings (bare)
A

Nociceptors/Pain receptors

60
Q

usually found on free nerve

A

Thermoreceptors

ZOOLOGY - MIDTERMS (4 decks)

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