Integumentary Flashcards
Fever, chills, HA, N/V
Photophobia
Myalgia, arthralgia
Small red spots (petechiae) that start on wrists, forearms, ankles (sometimes palms and soles) that progresses toward trunk
Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever
Rocky Mtn Spotted Fever treatment/prevention
Doxycyline
Use of DEET-containing bug spray, permethrin on clothes
Bradycardia or tachycardia
Wheezing, flushing
Hives
Hypotension, hypoxia
Cardiac arrest
Anaphylaxis (angioedema, hives)
Treatment of anaphylaxis
Epinephrine at mid-outer thigh every 5 to 15 minutes
Call 911
Fever/chills, N/V
Swollen, red, tender blister with the central area becoming necrotic (eschar)
Brown Recluse Spider Bites
Expanding rash with central clearing and bulls-eye + flu like symptoms
Lyme disease
Erythema migrans
Sore throat, cough, HA, stiff neck, photophobia, changes in LOC, drowsiness, lethargy.
Petechial rash in axillae, flanks, wrists and ankles.
Elevated procalcitonin
Meningococcemia
Systemic infection of Neisseria meningitidis (gram negative)
Meningococcemia
Sudden eruption of vesicular lesions that rupture into ulcers w/ crusts on one side of the scalp, forehead, sides, and tip of the nose.
Can have eye pain and blurred vision
Shingles infection of trigeminal nerve (Herpes zoster opthalmicus)
Dark colored moles w/ uneven texture, variegated colors, irregular borders and > 6 mm diameter
Melanoma
Melanoma of the nailbeds
The most common subtype of melanoma in African Americans and Asians
Subungual melanoma
Pearly/waxy skin lesion
Atrophic/ulcerated center
Does not heal
Common in fair-skinned individuals
Basal cell carcinoma
Dry, round, red lesions
Rough in texture
Not healing
On sun-exposed areas of the body
Actinic keratosis
Blood collection under the nailbed from trauma
subungual hematoma
Trephination
A method of draining a subungual hematoma
Used when the hematoma involves > 25% of the nailbed
Flu-like symptoms
Widespread rash with hives, blisters (bullae), petechiae, necrosis, sloughing
Triggered by medications like allopurinol, anticonvulsants, sulfonamides, NSAIDs
HIV infection, lupus and malignancies put people at greater risk
Steven’s Johnson Syndrome
Honey colored crusts
Fragile bullae (blisters)
Pruritic (itchy)
impetigo
Koplik spots (white spots on the cheeks and rear molars)
Measles
Pruritic, esp at night
Serpiginous rash on interdigital webs, waist, axilla, penis
Scabies
Sandpaper rash w/ sore throat
Scarlet fever
Christmas-tree pattern
Herald patch initially
pityriasis rosacea
smooth papules that are domed with central umbilication and white “plug”
molluscum contagiosum
distal portions of the limbs
acral
ring-shaped
annular
cutaneous rash
exanthem
skin area outside of the joint
i.e. front of knee
back of elbow
extensor
skin on top of the joint w/ skin folds
flexor
body folds
skin flexures
area where two skin surfaces touch or rub each other
intertriginous
rash with color and small bumps that are raised above the skin surface
maculopapular
rash that resembles measles
morbilliform
coin-shaped rash
nummular
bleeding into the skin
purpura
shaped like a snake
serpiginous
wart-like
verrucous
dry skin
xerosis
Flat, non palpable lesion
< 1 cm diameter
macule
palpable, solid lesion
</= 0.5 cm diameter
papule
flattened, elevated lesion
> 1cm diameter
variable shape
plaque
elevated superficial blister filled w/ serous fluid > 1cm in size
bullae
elevated superficial skin lesion < 1cm diameter
Filled w/ serous fluid
vesicle
elevated superficial skin lesion < 1cm diameter
Filled w/ purulent fluid
pustule
thickening of epidermis w/ exaggeration of normal skin lines
lichenification
soft, wartlike, fleshy outgrowths
located mostly at back
appear pasted on skin
Painless
appear during middle age or later
seborrheic keratoses
Raised, yellow-colored plaques
Located under brow or lower lids of eyes on nasal side
Xanthelasma
bilateral brown/tan colored stains on upper cheeks, malar area, forehead
occurs in women who have been or are pregnant or on COCPs
melasma
(mask of pregnancy)
white patches on skin w/ irregular shapes
chronic, progressive
vitiligo
smooth, round papules
bright red color
blanche w/ pressure
d/t malformed arterioles in skin; benign
cherry angiomas
soft, fatty, cystic tumors
painless
lipoma
round macules to papules
light tan or dark brown
distinct or slightly irregular borders
Nevi (moles)
Dry skin
Dry mouth (xerostomia)
Dry eye (xeropthalmia)
Xerosis
Velvety thickening of skin
Usually behind neck or axilla
Associated w/ diabetes, metabolic syndrome, obesity, and CANCER OF GI TRACT
acanthosis nigricans
another word for skin tags
acrochordon
Painless, pedunculated outgrowths
Same color of person’s skin
More common in diabetics, obese patients
acrochordon (skin tags)
