Integration of metabolism: a metabolic diary Flashcards
what are the metabolic states?
fed
postabsorptive
fasting
starvation
fed state
3-6h after meal
postabsorptive state
3-6 - 12-18h after meal
fasting state
18h-2d
starvation
Fully adapted state of food deprivation lasting up to several weeks
what happens in the liver in the post absorptive state?
FA uptake
Alanine uptake
Glycerol uptake
Lactate uptake
Glycogenolysis
De novo glycogenesis
Triglyceride synthesis
FA ox
Glucose release
what happens in the muscle in the postabsorptive state?
Glucose uptake
Glycogenolysis
Triglyceride synthesis
FA ox
Transamination of create alanine
Alanine release
what happens in the adipose tissue in the postabsorptive state?
Lipolysis
FA release
Glycerol release
what happens in the brain in the postabsorptive state?
Glucose uptake
Glycolysis
breakfast
Consider a lazy day on holiday, plenty of food and not much ex
Breakfast is substantial meal with carb, protein and plenty of fat
what happens in the liver in the fed state?
FA uptake
Lactate uptake
Glucose uptake
AA uptake
Glycogen synthesis
Triglyceride synthesis
Protein synthesis
Glycolysis
Glucose release
VLDL release
what happens in the muscle in the fed state?
Glucose uptake
AA uptake
FA uptake
Glycolysis
Glycogen synthesis
Triglyceride synthesis
Protein synthesis
Lactate release
what happens in the adipose tissue in the fed state?
FA uptake
AA uptake
Glucose uptake
Triglyceride synthesis
Protein synthesis
what happens in the brain in the fed state?
Glucose uptake
AA uptake
Glycolysis
protein synthesis
an energetic day
Healthier day with a low-energy, mainly corn breakfast
h later subject goes for long slow jog
what happens in the brain during ex?
glucose uptake
glycolysis
ketone uptake
what happens in the liver during ex?
glucose release
ketone release
gluconeogenesis
lactate uptake
alanine uptake
glycerol uptake
FA ox
what happens in the muscle during ex?
FA uptake
glycogenolysis
lactate release
alanine release
glycerol release
what happens in the adipose tissue during ex?
breakdown of TG
FA release
glycerol release
what happens in the brain during the fasting state?
glucose uptake
glycolysis
what happens in the liver during the fasting state?
glycogenolysis
glucose release
gluconeogenesis
lactate uptake
alanine uptake
glycerol uptake
FA ox
what happens in the muscle during the fasting state?
glucose uptake
glycolysis
glycogenolysis
FA uptake
lactate release
alanine release
glycerol release
what happens in the adipose tissue during the fasting state?
breakdown of TG
FA release
glycerol release
starvation - ketogenesis
Lack of insulin
High rates of lipolysis and FA ox
Accumulation of acetyl coA
Low rates of ATP demand and CHO flux (glycerol-3-phosphate)
Synthesis of ketone bodies
Acetyl-CoA + Acetyl-CoA —> Acetoacetyl-CoA + CoA —> Acetoacetate (B-hydroxybutyrate and acetone)
conversion of ketone bodies to acetyl-CoA
This happens in the muscle and the heart not the liver
Conversion of b-hydroxybutyrate into acetyl CoA
Muscle and heart will use the ketone bodies as fuels
Brain can use the ketone bodies in starvation
B-hydoxybutyrate —> acetoacetate —> acetoacetyl CoA —> Acetyl CoA
