Instruments Equipment

Question 1

tools for removal and shaping of tooth structure (2)

Answer 1

hand instruments 
rotary instruments (handpieces)

Question 2

Cutting

Answer 2

(excavators, chisels, etc.)

Question 3

Non-cutting

Answer 3

(amalgam condensers, mirrors,

explorers, probes)

Question 4

Shank is angled to allow the

Answer 4

cutting edge of the blade

to be within the projected axis of the handle

Question 5

Double ended instruments

=More

Answer 5

efficient

Question 6

Single ended instruments=

Answer 6

safer

Question 7

Bi-bevels: (2)

Answer 7

chisels, ordinary hatchets

Question 8

Single bevels: (1)

Answer 8

gingival margin trimmers

Question 9

Gingival Margin Trimmer - Mesial vs Distal

Answer 9

Mesial: To place bevels on the mesial cervical margin of the preparation
Distal: To place bevels on the distal cervical margin of the preparation

Question 10

Width of blade in tenths of mm

a. 10 indicates

Answer 10

1mm

Question 11

When necessary, describes angle of
— EDGE to instrument shaft in
clockwise centigrade

Answer 11

CUTTING

Question 12

Cutting edge angle

Answer 12

◦ measured from a line parallel to the long axis of the instrument
handle in clockwise centrigrades. The angle is expressed as a
percent of 360 degrees
◦ e.g., 85 = 85% of 360 degrees = 306 degrees

Question 13

is the cutting edge angle always present?

Answer 13

no

Question 14

cutting instruments- excavators (4)

Answer 14

ordinary hatchets
spoons
hoes
angle formers

Question 15

Ordinary Hatchets function (2)

Answer 15

◦place retention

◦sharpen line angles

Question 16

Spoons function

Answer 16

◦remove caries

Question 17

cutting instruments (7)

Answer 17

chisels 
enamel hatchets
gingival margin trimmers
gold knives
files 
cleoid discoid carvers 
hollenback carvers

Question 18

Chisels fxn

Answer 18

◦Straight, slightly curved (Wedelstaedt), or bin-angle

chisel- plane walls of prep

Question 19

Enamel hatchets fxn

Answer 19

◦ cut enamel

Question 20

Gingival margin trimmers fxn

Answer 20

◦ bevel enamel at gingival

Question 21

gold knives, files, cleoid-discoid carvers,

Hollenback carvers fxn

Answer 21

◦ cut restorative material

Question 22

Condensing Instruments (3)

Answer 22

Amalgam condensers, composite and plastic

instruments

Question 23

Miscellaneous (4)

Answer 23

explorers, probes, mirrors, burnishers

Question 24

Rotary Instruments use

Answer 24

burs

Question 25

Term “bur” applies to all rotary cutting instruments that | have

Answer 25

bladed cutting heads

Question 26

burs fxn (5)

Answer 26

``` ◦Prepare enamel ◦Adjust resin restorations ◦Finish metal and resin restorations ◦Laboratory Work ◦Surgical Removal of Bone (not in operative) ```

Question 27

``` Bur Classification System ◦In the US, arbitrary numerical code for head size and shape ◦ 2= ◦ 57 = ◦ 34 = ```

Answer 27

◦ 2= 1mm diameter round bur ◦ 57 = 1mm diameter straight fissure bur ◦ 34 = 0.8mm diameter inverted cone bur

Question 28

Carbide Burs (2)

Answer 28

Carbide Burs oStiffer and stronger than steel oMore brittle

Question 29

Diamond Bur | oDiamond particle size (4)

Answer 29

◦Coarse ◦Medium ◦Fine ◦Finishing burs (even more fine)

Question 30

Diamond Burs (2)

Answer 30

oHigher hardness | oCutting effectiveness

Question 31

diamond burs are used for (3)

Answer 31

oIntracoronal and extracoronal tooth preparations oBevel enamel margins oEnameloplasty

Question 32

The --- is in the actual handpiece

Answer 32

motor

Question 33

High-speed handpiece (2)

Answer 33

◦Pneumatic (air-driven) | ◦Or Electric

Question 34

OUR ELECTRIC HANDPIECE CAN BE (2) SPEED

Answer 34

HIGH OR SLOW

Question 35

Air-water spray for ---

Answer 35

cooling

Question 36

High operating speed omax --- rpm pneumatic omax --- rpm electric

Answer 36

450,000 | 200,000

Question 37

Use -- pressure

Answer 37

light

Question 38

Pulpal Precautions (3)

Answer 38

◦Light pressure, air-water | sprays and sharp burs

Question 39

Soft Tissue Precautions (2)

Answer 39

◦Rubber dam, retract soft tissue with for example: mirror & cotton roll

Question 40

Eye Precautions

Answer 40

◦Safety glasses for operator, assistant and | patient

Question 41

Ear Precautions

Answer 41

◦Ear plugs, sound absorbing materials used on | walls and floors

Question 42

Inhalation Precautions

Answer 42

◦Rubber dam, disposable masks

Question 43

Modified pen grasp (3)

Answer 43

◦Palm away from operator ◦3rd and 4th fingers rest on nearby tooth ◦Greatest sense of touch

Question 44

Inverted pen grasp (3)

Answer 44

◦Palm toward operator ◦Used mostly for tooth preparation from lingual ◦ Usually on anterior teeth

Question 45

Palm-and-thumb grasp (3)

Answer 45

``` ◦Similar to holding a knife while pairing an apple ◦Power grasp ◦Thumb rests on a nearby tooth to operating site ```

Question 46

Modified Palm-and-Thumb Grasp (2)

Answer 46

◦Power plus delicacy ◦Rest thumb on same tooth that is being prepared or the adjacent tooth

Question 47

Sharpen at First Sign of ---

Answer 47

Dullness

Question 48

Dull instruments result in: (5)

Answer 48

``` ◦More pressure needed ◦More pain ◦Less control ◦Takes longer ◦Reduces quality ```

Question 49

Sharpening Hand Instruments (3)

Answer 49

Stationary stones Mechanical sharpeners Handpiece sharpening stones

Question 50

``` Sharpening Hand Instruments Basic Principles (7) ```

Answer 50

``` ◦Clean and sterilize instruments ◦Position blade ◦Use light pressure ◦Use a rest or guide ◦Remove as little metal as possible ◦Lightly hone unbeveled side ◦Re-sterilize ```

Question 51

Sterilization

Answer 51

A process by which all forms of microbial life including bacteria, viruses, spores and fungi are completely destroyed

Question 52

Four acceptable methods of sterilization

Answer 52

◦Autoclave ◦Dry heat ◦Chemiclave ◦Ethylene oxide

Question 53

Follow (4) guidelines

Answer 53

CDC, OSHA, ADA and State Dental Board

Question 54

Autoclaving (3)

Answer 54

◦Uses steam under pressure ◦250 °F, 15 PSI, 20 mins* ◦Shelves for cassettes

Question 55

Dry heat (2)

Answer 55

◦Oven-type sterilizer ◦320 °F, 60 to 120 mins* *Follow manufacturer’s guideline

Question 56

Chemiclaving (4)

Answer 56

◦ Chemical vapor pressure ◦ Uses chemical solution in a pressurized chamber ◦ 270 °F, 20 to 40 PSI, 20 mins* ◦ Proper ventilation must be installed

Question 57

Ethylene Oxide (2)

Answer 57

◦ Several hours, below 100°C * | ◦ Proper ventilation must be installed

Question 58

Protecting your instruments Manufacturers: ◦ Add

Answer 58

rust inhibitors

Question 59

Protecting your instruments | ◦Operators (2)

Answer 59

◦Have instruments free of blood, debris and materials | ◦Refer to UMKC SOD Dental Student Clinic Manual