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Operative > Instruments Equipment > Flashcards

Instruments Equipment Flashcards

1
Q

tools for removal and shaping of tooth structure (2)

A 
hand instruments 
rotary instruments (handpieces)
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2
Q

Cutting

A

(excavators, chisels, etc.)

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3
Q

Non-cutting

A

(amalgam condensers, mirrors,

explorers, probes)

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4
Q

Shank is angled to allow the

A

cutting edge of the blade

to be within the projected axis of the handle

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5
Q

Double ended instruments

=More

A

efficient

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6
Q

Single ended instruments=

A

safer

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7
Q

Bi-bevels: (2)

A

chisels, ordinary hatchets

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8
Q

Single bevels: (1)

A

gingival margin trimmers

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9
Q

Gingival Margin Trimmer - Mesial vs Distal

A

Mesial: To place bevels on the mesial cervical margin of the preparation
Distal: To place bevels on the distal cervical margin of the preparation

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10
Q

Width of blade in tenths of mm

a. 10 indicates

A

1mm

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11
Q

When necessary, describes angle of
— EDGE to instrument shaft in
clockwise centigrade

A

CUTTING

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12
Q

Cutting edge angle

A

◦ measured from a line parallel to the long axis of the instrument
handle in clockwise centrigrades. The angle is expressed as a
percent of 360 degrees
◦ e.g., 85 = 85% of 360 degrees = 306 degrees

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13
Q

is the cutting edge angle always present?

A

no

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14
Q

cutting instruments- excavators (4)

A

ordinary hatchets
spoons
hoes
angle formers

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15
Q

Ordinary Hatchets function (2)

A

◦place retention

◦sharpen line angles

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16
Q

Spoons function

A

◦remove caries

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17
Q

cutting instruments (7)

A 
chisels 
enamel hatchets
gingival margin trimmers
gold knives
files 
cleoid discoid carvers 
hollenback carvers
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18
Q

Chisels fxn

A

◦Straight, slightly curved (Wedelstaedt), or bin-angle

chisel- plane walls of prep

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19
Q

Enamel hatchets fxn

A

◦ cut enamel

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20
Q

Gingival margin trimmers fxn

A

◦ bevel enamel at gingival

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21
Q

gold knives, files, cleoid-discoid carvers,

Hollenback carvers fxn

A

◦ cut restorative material

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22
Q

Condensing Instruments (3)

A

Amalgam condensers, composite and plastic

instruments

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23
Q

Miscellaneous (4)

A

explorers, probes, mirrors, burnishers

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24
Q

Rotary Instruments use

A

burs

25
Q

Term “bur” applies to all rotary cutting instruments that

have

A

bladed cutting heads

26
Q

burs fxn (5)

A 
◦Prepare enamel
◦Adjust resin restorations
◦Finish metal and resin restorations
◦Laboratory  Work
◦Surgical Removal of Bone (not in operative)
27
Q 
Bur Classification System 
◦In the US, arbitrary numerical code for head size and shape
◦ 2= 
◦ 57 = 
◦ 34 =
A

◦ 2= 1mm diameter round bur
◦ 57 = 1mm diameter straight fissure bur
◦ 34 = 0.8mm diameter inverted cone bur

28
Q

Carbide Burs (2)

A

Carbide Burs
oStiffer and stronger than steel
oMore brittle

29
Q

Diamond Bur

oDiamond particle size (4)

A

◦Coarse
◦Medium
◦Fine
◦Finishing burs (even more fine)

30
Q

Diamond Burs (2)

A

oHigher hardness

oCutting effectiveness

31
Q

diamond burs are used for (3)

A

oIntracoronal and extracoronal tooth preparations
oBevel enamel margins
oEnameloplasty

32
Q

The — is in the actual handpiece

A

motor

33
Q

High-speed handpiece (2)

A

◦Pneumatic (air-driven)

◦Or Electric

34
Q

OUR ELECTRIC HANDPIECE CAN BE (2) SPEED

A

HIGH OR SLOW

35
Q

Air-water spray for —

A

cooling

36
Q

High operating speed
omax — rpm pneumatic
omax — rpm electric

A

450,000

200,000

37
Q

Use – pressure

A

light

38
Q

Pulpal Precautions (3)

A

◦Light pressure, air-water

sprays and sharp burs

39
Q

Soft Tissue Precautions (2)

A

◦Rubber dam, retract soft
tissue with for example:
mirror & cotton roll

40
Q

Eye Precautions

A

◦Safety glasses for operator, assistant and

patient

41
Q

Ear Precautions

A

◦Ear plugs, sound absorbing materials used on

walls and floors

42
Q

Inhalation Precautions

A

◦Rubber dam, disposable masks

43
Q

Modified pen grasp (3)

A

◦Palm away from operator
◦3rd and 4th fingers rest on nearby
tooth
◦Greatest sense of touch

44
Q

Inverted pen grasp (3)

A

◦Palm toward operator
◦Used mostly for tooth
preparation from lingual
◦ Usually on anterior teeth

45
Q

Palm-and-thumb grasp (3)

A 
◦Similar to holding a knife while pairing 
an apple
◦Power grasp
◦Thumb rests on a nearby tooth to 
operating site
46
Q

Modified Palm-and-Thumb Grasp (2)

A

◦Power plus delicacy
◦Rest thumb on same tooth that is
being prepared or the adjacent tooth

47
Q

Sharpen at First Sign of —

A

Dullness

48
Q

Dull instruments result in: (5)

A 
◦More pressure needed
◦More pain
◦Less control
◦Takes longer 
◦Reduces quality
49
Q

Sharpening Hand Instruments (3)

A

Stationary stones
Mechanical sharpeners
Handpiece sharpening stones

50
Q 
Sharpening Hand Instruments
Basic Principles (7)
A 
◦Clean and sterilize instruments
◦Position blade
◦Use light pressure
◦Use a rest or guide
◦Remove as little metal as possible
◦Lightly hone unbeveled side
◦Re-sterilize
51
Q

Sterilization

A

A process by which all forms of microbial life including
bacteria, viruses, spores and fungi are completely
destroyed

52
Q

Four acceptable methods of sterilization

A

◦Autoclave
◦Dry heat
◦Chemiclave
◦Ethylene oxide

53
Q

Follow (4) guidelines

A

CDC, OSHA, ADA and State Dental Board

54
Q

Autoclaving (3)

A

◦Uses steam under pressure
◦250 °F, 15 PSI, 20 mins*
◦Shelves for cassettes

55
Q

Dry heat (2)

A

◦Oven-type sterilizer
◦320 °F, 60 to 120 mins*
*Follow manufacturer’s guideline

56
Q

Chemiclaving (4)

A

◦ Chemical vapor pressure
◦ Uses chemical solution in a pressurized chamber
◦ 270 °F, 20 to 40 PSI, 20 mins*
◦ Proper ventilation must be installed

57
Q

Ethylene Oxide (2)

A

◦ Several hours, below 100°C *

◦ Proper ventilation must be installed

58
Q

Protecting your instruments
Manufacturers:
◦ Add

A

rust inhibitors

59
Q

Protecting your instruments

◦Operators (2)

A

◦Have instruments free of blood, debris and materials

◦Refer to UMKC SOD Dental Student Clinic Manual

Operative (11 decks)

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