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Operative > Cariology > Flashcards

Cariology Flashcards

1
Q

Cariology

A

The study of dental caries and cariogenesis

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2
Q

Dental Caries

A

An infectious microbiologic disease of the teeth resulting in
localized dissolution and destruction of calcified tissues

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3
Q

Without teeth,

A

bacteria have no habitat

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4
Q

Bacteria

A

◦ Streptococcus mutans

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5
Q

Substrate

A

◦Any type of carbohydrate will support some strain of bacteria

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6
Q

Tldr; Recipe for Caries (3)

A

Tooth
Biofilm (plaque)
Food source

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7
Q

Caries is —

A

MULTIFACTORIAL

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8
Q

Types (4)

A

◦ Steptococcus mutans
◦ Streptococcus sanguis
◦ Streptococcus mitis
◦ Bacteroides melaninogenicus

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9
Q

Streptococcus mitis (1)

A

◦ Considered normal oral flora- presence can actually slow the growth of Strep mutans
colonies

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10
Q

Bacteroides melaninogenicus (2)

A

◦ Obligate anaerobe

◦ Associated with periodontal disease

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11
Q

Dental Plaque (2)

A

◦Gelatinous mass of bacteria adhering to tooth surface

◦BIOFILM

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12
Q

Cariogenic Bacteria Metabolism

A

◦ Simplified: bacteria consume sugars, the waste product is acid

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13
Q

Acids lower pH in mouth to below –

A

5.5

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14
Q

pH at – is when demineralization of enamel begins to take place

A

5.5

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15
Q

Enamel is STRONGER= requires higher acidity than —

A

dentin

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16
Q

Dentin demineralizes at pH of —

A

6.2

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17
Q

pH remains below 5.5 for — minutes after each sugar exposure

A

20-60

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18
Q

Bacteria eats what we eat:

A

Fermentable Carbohydrates

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19
Q

Past 30 years: (4)

A
  • Younger children (2-8yrs) have had minor decrease in caries prevalence
  • Caries prevalence has remained constant for older children
  • Minority youth still most at risk for caries
  • Lower income youth still most at risk for caries
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20
Q

Sites for Caries Initiation (3)

A

Pits and Fissures
Smooth Surfaces
Root Surfaces

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21
Q

Smooth Surfaces (2)

A

◦Interproximal Contacts (Cl II and III)

◦Near Gingiva (Cl V)

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22
Q

CLINICAL FEATURES (5)

A 
White spot lesion
Smooth surface caries
Occlusal caries
Interproximal caries
Root surface caries
23
Q

White spot lesion

A

-NONcavitated

24
Q

Smooth surface caries

A

-Cavitated

25
Q

Interproximal caries

A

-can occasionally see clinically,

more often use radiographs

26
Q

Pit and Fissure Caries (4)

A 
Class I caries
Occlusal surfaces of posterior teeth
Buccal surface of posterior molars
◦Buccal pit
Lingual surface of lateral incisors
27
Q

Most prevalent location for caries

A

pits anf fissures

28
Q

Can be prevented by —

A

sealants

29
Q

Detection (3)

A 
◦ NOT A STICK- use explorer to drag along surface to check for softness. Use
gentle pressure.
◦ Clinical visualization- shadowing
◦ Radiographs
◦ Only when large enough
30
Q

Presence of high concentrations of mutans streptococci in pits
or fissures is typically followed by a carious lesion in

A

6-24 months

31
Q

Important to place sealants shortly after — of teeth

A

eruption

32
Q

Buccal and Lingual Caries (2)

A

◦ Class V

◦ Diagnose visually

33
Q

Interproximal (3)

A

◦ Class II
◦ Difficult to diagnose visually
◦ Diagnose with radiographs

34
Q

◦ Diagnose with radiographs (2)

A

◦ BITEWINGS

◦ PA angulation= INACCURATE

35
Q

Smooth Surface Caries (2)

A

Associated with high sugar intake
Prevalent in “Soda Sippers”
Easily restored
◦Is still a serious lesion

36
Q

Root Surface Caries (4)

A

Comparatively rapid succession
Often asymptomatic
Closer to the pulp
More difficult to restore

37
Q

Recurrent/Secondary Caries

A

Caries developed at margin of a restoration

38
Q

Visual (2)

A

◦ Color

◦ Matte vs shiny

39
Q

Tactile (2)

A

◦ Firm

◦ Soft (leathery)

40
Q

DIAGNOSIS (3)

A

visual
tactile
radiographs

41
Q

Caries MANAGEMENT (3)

A

◦ Moving away from “Caries Prevention” and “Caries Treatment”
Surgical
◦ What we do in lab!
Non-surgical options

42
Q

Factors to consider: (3)

A

General health
Xerostomia
Fluoride Exposure

43
Q

Xerostomia (3)

A

◦ Radiation and chemotherapy
◦ Medical conditions
◦ Medications

44
Q

Fluoride Exposure (3)

A

◦ Water, toothpaste, fluoride rinse

45
Q

Prevent (3)

A 
Oral Hygiene Instructions
◦ Plaque-free surfaces do not decay!
Dietary Counseling
◦ Identify sources
◦ Reduce frequency and ingestion
Sealants
46
Q

Sealants (2)

A

◦ Thin resin coating placed on chewing surfaces of teeth

◦ With or without enameloplasty

47
Q

Arrest (5)

A

◦ Fluoride (Enamel resists acids more effectively)
◦ Oral hygiene improvement (Reduces biofilms)
◦ Dietary changes (Reduces bacteria’s food source)
◦ Professional cleanings (May change recall intervals, more frequent assessment)
◦ Address xerostomia

48
Q

Intermediate option:

A

Resin infiltration

49
Q

Resin infiltration

Icon is used in our clinic (4)

A

◦ Clean tooth well (pumice)
◦ Dry working field (rubber dam)
◦ Etch for at least 30 seconds 1-3 times; rinse and DRY well
◦ Infiltrate using Icon resin

50
Q

◦ Etch for at least 30 seconds 1-3 times; rinse and DRY well (2)

A

◦ Icon Etch is 15% hydrochloric acid gel

◦ Acts as a “chemical” drill

51
Q

Surgical Management (2)

A

◦ STILL A GREAT OPTION

◦ Cavitated carious lesions

52
Q

skipped

◦ Cavitated carious lesions (4)

A

◦ Remove carious lesion
◦ Establish resistance form in preparation
◦ Avoid fracture of tooth or restoration in the future
◦ Establish retention form in preparation
◦ Avoid restoration being dislocated or lost
◦ Restore

53
Q

UMKC School of Dentistry uses — Caries Classification System

A

ADA

54
Q 
UMKC School of Dentistry uses ADA Caries Classification System
Method of (2) management of caries
A

classifying and determining

Operative (11 decks)

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