Instruments And Systems Flashcards
3 pressure instruments and what system they use
VSI, ASI, Altimeter
Pitot static system
ASI errors
Instrument, pressure, density, compression, mechanical, blockages
Different colours airspeed indicator
White = flap operating range
Green = normal operating
Yellow = caution only in still air
Red = Vne
Blue = best single engine speed
Static system block errors descent and climb
Descent = over read
Climb = underread
SOD/SUC
Pitot system errors descent and climb
Descent = underread
Climb = over read
PUD/POC
Altimeter errors
Instrument, pressure, time lag, barometric, Temp/pressure
What is a servo assisted altimeter
A more accurate altimeter as no mechanical linkages
How does a VSI work
Uses a change in static pressure (inside capsule and casing)
What happens to VSI if blocked
Remains zero at all times
What is a gyroscope
A body that rotates freely in one or more directions that possesses rigidity and procession
What is gyroscopic wander
Any movement away from its fixed direction
5 components to a direction indicator
- Tied gyro
- Gyro rotates around earths horizontal axis
- Two gimbals
- 3 planes of freedom
- Gyro aligned to true north
How is the artificial horizon gyro aligned
Rotates on its vertical axis aligned on the aircrafts vertical axis
How is the turn and slip gyro aligned
Rotates about horizontal axis and aligned to a/c lateral axis
What is variation
The difference between magnetic and true meridians
Variation and magnetic relationship
Variation east, magnetic least
Variation west, magnetic best
What is the electronic flight information system
A fully integrated computer based digital navigation system
5 main components to the EFIS
- Cathode ray tubes
- EFIS control panel
- Symbol generators
- EADI
- EHSI
What 3 EHSI modes can show weather
- Expanded VOR/ILS
- Expanded NAV
- Centre map mode
5 factors affecting VHF comms
- Transmitter power
- Frequency
- Height of transmitter and receiver
- Obstructions
- Fading
Order of priority when faced with windshear, GPWS and TCAS
Windshear, GPWS, TCAS
3 sources of information input for FMS
- Stored databases
- Pilot via CDU
- Other integrated aircraft systems that feed in
Fail passive autopilot system
When a duplex system used and one fails, no out of trim conditions but Pilot must land themselves
Examples of systems using hydraulics
Gear, brakes, steering, flight controls
Why are hydraulics better than pneumatic systems
Hydraulic fluid incompressible so quicker response, easier to detect leaks
Chimed tyres
Ridge on sidewall to divert water away from engines
What controls cabin pressure
Cabin outflow valve
When does a pilot go onto oxygen
When cabin alt pressure passes 10,000ft
