Instrumentation & Automation Flashcards
What is flow cytometry used for?
To analyze cells and particles as they flow through a small pathway.
What is the SLS-hemoglobin method?
An analysis method that combines the advantages of cyanmethemoglobin and oxyhemoglobin methods.
What does the SLS-hemoglobin method involve?
Surfactants lyse the red blood cell membrane, releasing hemoglobin and converting it to methemoglobin.
What is CELLPACK used for?
A ready-to-use diluent for impedance and photoelectrical analysis of whole blood.
What principle does electrical impedance rely on?
The Coulter principle, which counts and sizes particles based on impedance within an electrical current.
How does hydrodynamic focusing improve measurement accuracy?
It allows cells to flow in a single file through the aperture, eliminating coincidence and recirculation.
What is the gold standard method for hemoglobin assessment?
Cyanmethemoglobin, which uses potassium ferricyanide and potassium cyanide.
What are common interferences in hemoglobin detection?
- Hemolysis
- Turbidity (lipemia and high WBCs)
What does the electrical impedance method measure?
The resistance of particles suspended in an electrolyte fluid as they pass through an aperture.
What is the significance of the lower discriminator (LD) and upper discriminator (UD)?
They separate the platelet population from the red cell population.
Fill in the blank: The mean RBC cell volume (MCV) is determined to be the _______.
[midpoint of the distribution or the average of the sized population].
What does RDW stand for?
Red blood cell distribution width
RDW indicates the variation in red blood cell size.
What does MPV stand for?
Mean platelet volume
MPV reflects the average size of platelets.
What does PDW stand for?
Platelet distribution width
PDW measures the uniformity of platelet size in a blood specimen.
What are fluorescence dyes used for?
To enhance cell identification in flow cell technology
What does forward scatter measure?
Cell volume
What does side scatter measure?
Granularity and internal cell structure
What does fluorescence measure?
Intensity of light scatter and higher concentration of stain
What components are stained with specific fluorescent dyes?
- RNA
- DNA
What is the significance of immature granulocytes in hematology?
Indicate the presence of younger white blood cells
What does the PLT-O measurement allow for?
More accurate measurement of platelets when microcytic or fragmented RBCs are present
Fill in the blank: The more immature the RBC is, the more _______ will fluoresce.
RNA/DNA
What does PLT clumping affect?
Fluorescence measurement
What type of dyes are used for RNA staining?
Auramine dyes
