Instructional Strategies

Question 1

Cooperative Learning

Answer 1

Cooperative Learning is a specific type of small group learning which has the following five essential elements:

1. Positive Interdependence
2. Face-to-face Interaction
3. Individual Accountability (Personal Responsibility)
4. Structured Activity
5. Teamwork Skills and Group Processing

Question 2

Direct Instruction

Answer 2

Teacher-centered instruction which includes lecture, presentation, and recitation.

Question 3

Discovery Learning

Answer 3

A constructivist approach. Students begin learning with an activity designed to lead them to particular concepts or conclusions. Students acquire basic and advanced knowledge in random order.

Question 4

Independent Study

Answer 4

Practice done without intervention by the teacher. This approach includes many activities done with a computer.

Question 5

Interdisciplinary Instruction

Answer 5

Traditional elementary and secondary classrooms divide instruction into categories (disciplines) such as “reading,” “math,” and “social studies.”
Interdisciplinary teaching involves any effort on the part of an instructor to design learning activities with products and activities to relate to more than one discipline.

Question 6

Concept Mapping

Answer 6

Any of several forms of graphical organizers which allow learners to perceive relationships between concepts through diagramming keywords representing those concepts. Originally developed by Joseph Novak in the 1960’s.

Question 7

Inquiry Method

Answer 7

A system in which students solve problems or answer questions by forming tentative answers (hypotheses), then collecting and analyzing data to provide evidence for or against their hypotheses.

Question 8

Questioning

Answer 8

Have students apply “who, what, when, where, why, how” to all problems, or ask students to generate questions.

Question 9

Techniques for Creating Effective Bridges Between Curriculum Goals and Students’ Experiences

Answer 9

• Modeling
• Activating students’ prior knowledge
• Anticipating preconceptions
• Encouraging exploration and problem-solving
• Guided practice
• Building new skills on those previously acquired
• Independent practice, including homework
• Transitions