institutional aggression✅

Question 1

what is an institution?

what are the 2 explanations?

Answer 1

• large scale org. which impacts the whole of society eg, school, prison

1- dispositional = highlights the importance of the individuals personality

2- situational = identifies causes of behav. as existing with the environment

Question 2

dispositional explanation:

what is the importation model? who came up with it?

why do they show agg. behav.?

Answer 2

• IRWIN + CRESSEY → offenders in prison behave badly outside and transport these behaviours into prison. the inmates willingness to use violence inside reflects their lives beforehand.
• to establish power, status, influence and access to resources

Question 3

dispositional explanation:
(prisoner characteristics linked to outcomes)

who did DeLisi study?

findings?

Answer 3

• a large group of juvinelle offenders who had bad backgrounds eg. abuse, trauma, bringing these into prison - this was compared to a group of ppts without a bad background
• 1st group were more likely to engage in suicide , sexual misconduct and acts of agg.

Question 4

situational explanation:

what is the deprivation model? who came up with it?

how is the prison to blame?

what is the prison regime involved?

why does material deprivation lead to agg.?

Answer 4

• CLEMMERS → places the cause of institutional agg. on the prison itself
• the harsh environments can be stressful and leads to agg. both physically and psyhcologically
• the regime causes agg. bc it is unpredictable and uses cock-ups to control behav. leading to further frustration and no access to goods such as a tv
• it increases competition among inmates

Question 5

situational explanation:
(prison level factors linked to outcomes)

Who looked into this? how many prisons did they study?

what did they find?

why are these prison level factors?

Answer 5

• STEINER → 512 prisons
• inmate on inmate violence wad more common in prisons with more female officers, overcrowding and more inmates in protective custody
• they’re independant of ind. characteristics of prisoners - reliability predicted in line with the deprivation model

Question 6

AO3:

✅ 2 strengths
❌ 2 weaknesses

Answer 6

✅ research to support by CAMP + GAES - studied inmates with similar criminal histories, some were places in low security prisons, some in high. valid conclusions can be drew from the field experiment

✅ individual- level factors are reliable predictors off agg independent of the prison environment, but research situational variables are also influencial

❌ DILULIO claims the importation model is inaduqte as it ignores the roles of prison officials and how the prisons are ran

❌ the deprivation model predicts a lack of freedom and heterosexual contact should lead to aggg. but there isnt evidence to support this