Inspection Flashcards
what are the 4 steps when undertaking inspection
personal safety
inspection of local area
external inspection
internal inspection
what should you take on inspection
mobile phone
camera
tape measure/laser
file, plans and other supporting documents
personal protection equipment
pen and paper
what to consider when in the immediate area
- location
aspect
local faculties
public transport
business vibrancy
contamination
environmental hazards
flooding
high voltage power lines
electricity substations
comparable evidence
local market conditions
agents boards
what should you look for on external inspection
- method of construction
repair and condition
car parking/access/ loading arrangements
defects/structural movement
check site boundaries
ways to date the building including asking the client, researching the date of planning consent
what do you need to look our for on an internal inspection
layout and specification- flexibility and obsolescence
repair and maintenance
defects
services - age and condition
statutory compliance = eg asbestos, building regs, H&S, Equality act 2010, planning
fixtures and fittings
compliance with lease obligations
what are the different purposes for inspection
- Valuation - understand what can impact valuation eg location tenure aspect form of construction defects current condition occupation details
- property management
If occupied - lease compliance, stat compliance, state of building, requirement for redecoration, user
if unoccupied - stat compliance, state, repair, security arrangements, landscaping, risk of vandalism - agency - condition, repair, stat compliance, services, presentation of accom, flexibility, marketability
what are the 4 common forms of foundation
Trench or strip footings (resi mainly)
Raft - slab foundation of whole site to spread load for lightweight structures eg sandy soil conditions
Piled - long and slender reinforced concrete cylinders in the ground to deeper strata when less good load bearing ground conditions/high loads
Pad - a slab foundation system under individual or groups of columns so that the column load is spread evenly
what are the different types of brickwork
- solid wall construction - simplest type with solid brickwork with headers
- cavity wall construction - two layers of brickwork are tied together with metal ties with a cavity that may be filled with insulation - no headers used - might see weep holes
what is efflorescence
white marks caused by salts in the brickwork - formed when water reacts with the natural salts
water dissolves the salts and then they are carried out and deposited onto the surface by the natural evaporation
what is spalling
damaged brickwork where it starts to crumble because of freeze thaw action
What is the institutional specification for a shop
- steel or concrete frame
= services capped off - concrete floor and no suspended ceiling
- let in shell condition with no shop front, ready for T fit out works
what is the institutional specification for an office
steel or concrete frame
steel = less columns and wider span between columns
concrete = more columns, lower floor heights and shorter span between columns
As defined by the British Council for Offices Guide - office specification may include the following features:
- full access raised floors with floor boxes
- approximate ceiling height of 2.6-2.8m
- ceiling void of 350mm and raised floor void of 150mm
- approx floor loading of 2.5 - 3 kN/sq m with an allowance of up to 1.2 kN/sq m partitioning
- AC and double glazed windows
- passenger lifts
- planning grid 1.5m x 1.5m
- maximum depth of 12m to 15m shallow plan or 15m-21m deep plan to allow for natural light to the office area
- 1 cycle space per 10 staff and 1 shower per 100 staff
- 8m2 -10m2 general workspace density
what are the different types of A/C units
VAV - variable air volume (highest cost but most flexible)
Fan coil - usually 4 pipe (lower initial cost and good flexibility but higher operating costs)
VRV - Variable refrigerant volume (lower capital cost but higher running costs)
Static cooling - chilled beam (natural approach to climate control but less flexibility)
mechanical ventilation - when fresh air is moved around the building
comfort cooling - simples form of air cooling system
what are the different types of specification
shell and core
cat a
cat b
cellular offices
what is the specification of an industrial unit
- basic construction is steel portal frame with insulated profile steel cladding walls and roof
- minimum 8m clear eaves height with 10% roof lights
- minimum 30kN/sqm floor loading
- plastic coated steel profiled cladding brick or blockwork walls approx 2m
- full height loading doors (electric)
- 3 phase electric power
- 5%-10% office content and WC facilities
- main services capped off
- approximate site cover 40%
- LED lighting
what is a latent and inherent defect
Latent defect in the design or material which has been present
Inherent - fault to the property that could not have been discovered by a reasonably thorough inspection of the property