Insects

Question 1

5 insect forms, 3 wingless

All 5 forms of this species are female

Reproduce via parthenogenesis

Cone like galls on end of shoots

Answer 1

Spruce Gall Adelgid

IAG

Question 2

Drought stressed birch

Dead branch or top extremeties

D shaped exit holes

Answer 2

Bronze Birch Borer and Birch Dieback

ISA

Question 3

Large messy pitch mass on bole or larger branches

Old pitch masses remain on trees for many years

Larvae feeding underneath

Answer 3

Sequoia Pitch Moth

ISQ

Question 4

Small pinholes in sapwood. Hole stained dark from ambrosia fungi

Answer 4

Ambrosia Beetle

Question 5

Large piles of boring dust at the base of tree

Honeycomb-like chambers in affected wood

Don’t consume wood, just make home/nest in it

Answer 5

Carpenter Ants

Question 6

Windthrow, felled trees, weakened trees

All species potential host

Snake-like larval galleries uner bark that end at an entrance to sapwood

Adult exit holes on outside of bole

Answer 6

Woodborers

Question 7

Frass in bark crevices

Woodpecker activity

Larvae with 2 anal shields

Answer 7

Spruce Beetle

Dendroctonus rufipennis

IBS

Question 8

Red terminal leader on Pl

Puncture holes

Pupae in pith

Answer 8

Lodgepole Pine Terminal Weevil

Pissodes terminalis

IWP

Question 9

Hits young, vigorous trees, warm sites

Dead tops (2 years growth)

Answer 9

White Pine Weevil on Spruce

Pissodes strobi

IWS

Question 10

J shaped main gallery - adult, larvae branch off from there

Pitch tubes in lower bole

Frass at base of tree

Answer 10

Mountain Pine Beetle

Dendroctonus ponderosae

IBM

Question 11

Attracted by aggregation phenomones

Frass/boring dust at base of tree

Pitch tubes on upper bole

Answer 11

Western Balsam Bark Beetle

Dryocoetes confusus

IBB

Question 12

Red frass at base of tree and on bark

J shaped main gallery with many galleries extending laterally

Veiled polypore

Answer 12

Douglas-fir Beetle

Dendroctonus pseudotsugae

IBD

Question 13

Reddish frass at base of tree and on bark

Pitch tubes mid-bole

Serpentine gallery pattern

Woodpecker common as soon as larvae are large

Answer 13

Western Pine Beetle

Dendroctonus brevicomis

IBW

Question 14

Weakened, standing live Py (Pl), prefers larger, older Py, will attack Py stumps

Largest of dendroctonus spp

Very large frass filled pitch tubes at base of tree

Large, wide gallery patterns

Answer 14

Red Turpentine Beetle

Dendroctonus valens

IBT

Question 15

Needle death starting from the tips, scorched appearance

Chewed needles

Small moth, 10mm wingspan

Defioliates tree, reduces growth

Answer 15

Larch Casebearer

IDC

Question 16

Transmitted by adults flying to new host

Light-coloured frass at base of tree and on bark

Pitch “stream” in upper bole

Lateral main gallery pattern “engraved” into sapwood

Also associated with veiled polypore

Hits true firs (primarily Bg). Fd and Sx also possible hosts

Pole sized to mature

Slash and windthrow

Normally on trees that have been weakened by root disease and/or other agents

Answer 16

Fir Engraver Beetle

Scolytus ventralis