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Final Multisystems Microbiology > Insect Vectors > Flashcards

Insect Vectors Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Vector borne transmission can be mechanical or biological. Describe what mechanical transmission is. (Biological to come later)

A

Mechanical:

  • Transmission by pathogen feet, hairs or mouthparts.
  • Physical transference of pathogen from point A to point B.
  • Pathogen doesn’t change form.
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2
Q

What are the 3 biological forms of pathogen transmission?

A
  1. Propagative
  2. Cyclo-developmental
  3. Cyclo-propagative
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3
Q

Describe propagative transmission. Give an example of a virus that is transmitted in this manner.

A

Propagative: pathogen multiplies in the arthropod vector. Does not change form.

Example: arbovirsus

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4
Q

Describe cyclo-developmental transmission and give an example of a virus that is transmitted this way.

A

Cyclo-developmental: pathogen changes form but doesn’t multiply (the pathogen DEVELOPS)

Example: filarial worms

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5
Q

Describe cyclo-propagative transmission. Give 2 examples of pathogens that are transmitted this way.

A

Cyclo-propagative: pathogen changes in form AND multiplies

Example: Malaria, Leishmania

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6
Q

What are some basic characteristics of arthropods?

A
  1. Exoskeleton
  2. Bilateral symmetry w/ segmental bodies
  3. Each segment has pair of jointed appendages
  4. Most have compound eyes w/ 1+ simple eyes
  5. Most have open, hemocoel, body cavity
  6. Open circulatory system; tubular alimentary canal
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7
Q

How does the open circulatory system help the pathogen out?

A

Allows it to move freely to the best spot (one that allows it to transmit to another host). Like malaria can easily move to the salivary glands.

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8
Q

Tell me about the most medically important group of arthropods: mosquitoes (family: Culicidae)

A
  1. Wings w/ scales
  2. Only females feed on human blood (have needle snout); both feed on sugars of flowers
  3. Immature stages are entirely aquatic
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9
Q

What are examples of good breeding grounds for mosquitoes

A

Any open body of water (clean, brackish, polluted–mosquitoes don’t give a shit)

  1. Temporary pools
  2. Permanent pools
  3. Artificial containers (loose tires, soda cans)
  4. Natural containers (in water build up on leaves)
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10
Q

Mosquito genus Anopheles. Tell me moreeeee (don’t know how much of this we should know so I put it all. Enjoy)

A
  1. Female has 45 degree blood feeding posture

2. Permanent/temporary water breeders

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11
Q

What is Anopheles a dz vector for

A
  1. MALARIA
  2. Bancroftian filariasis
  3. Brugian filariasis
  4. Arbovirus
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12
Q

Mosquito genus Culex: tell me all the things

A

Female has blunt distal end of abd. Larvae have long respiratory siphons

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13
Q

What is Culex a dz vector for?

A
  1. West Nile
  2. St. Louis encephalitis
  3. WEE/ VEE
  4. Japanese encephalitis
  5. Ross River virus
  6. Bancroftian filariasis

*(1-5 are all arboviruses; 6 is a worm)

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14
Q

Mosquito genus Aedes. Tell me

A
  1. Breed in temporary pools and containers

2. Eggs laid single on edge of pool or container

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15
Q

What is Aedes a dz vector for?

A
  1. Dengue
  2. Yellow fever
  3. Chikungunya virus
  4. Zika
  5. Bancroftian filariasis
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16
Q

NEW mosquito family: Psychodidae (Sand Flies)

A
  1. Small (
17
Q

Medical importance of sand flies?

A
  1. Leishmaniasis
  2. Barontellosis
  3. Sand fly fever
18
Q

Family: Simuliidae (Black flies)

A

Aka buffalo flies (hump back flies)

  1. Vector for Onchocerciasis (river blindness, filarial worms)
  2. Larvae found in fast moving water
19
Q

Family: Glossinidae (Tsetse Fly)

A
  1. Both male and female feed only on blood
  2. African trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness)
  3. Big in Africa
20
Q

Order: Hemiptera; Family Reduviidae (kissing bugs or conenoses)

A
  1. vector for Chagas disease (American trypanosomiasis)
  2. Big in South America
  3. Attack people while sleeping and suck blood from up to 20 minutes EWWWW
21
Q

Order: Phthiraptera (aka lice). Forms are:

A
  1. Body Louse
  2. Head louse
  3. Crab louse
22
Q

Important things about body louse

A
  1. leads to epidemic typhus (from rickettsia prawazekii)
  2. Fever (from borrelia recurrentis)
  3. Trench fever (from bartonella quintana)
23
Q

Order: Siphonaptera (Fleas)

A
  1. Wingless

2. Laterally flattened

24
Q

Medical importance of fleas

A
  1. Vector for yersinia pestis
  2. Can transmit Rickettsia typhi
  3. Chigoe/Jigger fleas burrow in your feet causing tungiasis
25
Q

Cockroaches. Ew.

A
  1. Can contribute to allergic asthma

2. can carry many other viruses, protazoa, bacteria etc (too many to list. and also, i don’t care anymore.)

26
Q

Filth Flies (house flies, flesh fly, blow fly)

A
  1. Breed in filth
  2. Transmit lots of disease
  3. Transmission: regurgitation, contamination, defectation
27
Q

Human bot fly

A

Females lay eggs on blood sucking insects. When the insect lands on you the heat from your body causes the egg of drop onto your skin. Neat-o. Causes painful boil like lesions with sensation of movement.

28
Q

3 Important things about what mites can cause

A
  1. Scabies
  2. Chiggers: scrub typhus (fever, lesion, rash, lymphadenopathy)
  3. House dust mites: allergic reactions, rhinitis, eczema
  4. Follicle mites: stick in your hair follicle and eat you. I’m about to vomit. Thank god this is the last card.

Final Multisystems Microbiology (16 decks)

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