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Module 1 - Pharmacy Licensure Exam (Phil) > Inorganic Medicinals - Alkali Earth Metals > Flashcards

Inorganic Medicinals - Alkali Earth Metals Flashcards

1
Q

Other Name for Hydrogen

A

“Inflammable Air”. “Flammable Air”

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2
Q

Lightest Element

A

Hydrogen

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3
Q

Isotopes of Hydrogen

A

(a) Protium -> most abundant
(b) Deuterium -> heavy hydrogen
(c) Tritium ->radioactive isotope

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4
Q

Lightest Metal/Bridge Element

A

Lithium

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5
Q

Pharmacologic action of lithium

A

Diuretic
“Mood-Stabilizing Agent”
Used in mania and bipolar manic- depressive illness

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6
Q

Use of Lithium Citrate USP

A

tx of hypomanic and manic stress

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7
Q

DOC for mania

A

Lithium Carbonate (LiCO3)

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8
Q

Use of Lithium Bromide

A

Used as sedative because of central DEPRESSANT properties of bromide ion

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9
Q

Most abundant Extracellular Fluid Cation

A

Sodium (Na)

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10
Q

Other name of sodium

A

Natrium

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11
Q

Components of Benedict’ Reagent

A
  • Sodium Carbonate (Na2CO3)

- Sodium Citrate (Na2C6H5O7)

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12
Q

Components of Fehling’s Solution

A
  • Potassium Sodium Tartrate (NaKC4H4O6)

- Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH)

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13
Q

Cation of choice to optimize the pharmaceutical utility of organic medicaments

A

Sodium

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14
Q

Use of Sodium Chloride (NaCl)

A

Electrolyte Replenisher

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15
Q

Caution for the Usage of Sodium

A

caution in the treatment of cardiac & renal condition in w/c edema is a problem (Fluid Retention)

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16
Q

Most abundant intracellular cation

A

Potassium

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17
Q

Very similar in behaviour to potassium

A

Rubidium

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18
Q

Catalyst in the polymerisation of resins

A

Cesium

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19
Q

Used in the density gradient centrifugation.

A

CsCl

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20
Q

Hypothetical alkali metal and its salts resemble K and Rb salts (isomorphous)

A

Ammonia

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21
Q 
Give the therapeutic activity of each and other name:
Ammonium Carbonate
(NH4)2CO3;
Ammonium Chloride
NH4Cl;
Ammonium Bromide
NH4Br;
A

(1) Expectorant; Hart’s horn
(2) Expectorant; Muriate of Hartshorn
(3) Central Depressant

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22
Q

Reagents that will precipitate potassium

A

Sodium Cobaltnitrite
Tetraphenylboron
Perchloric Acid

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23
Q

Other name of Sodium Dihydrogen Phosphate (NaH2PO4) and use

A

Fleet Enema; Cathartic, Urinary Acidifier

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24
Q

Use of Sodium Bisulfite (NaHSO3)

A

Water soluble antioxidant

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25
Q

Use of Sodium Acetate (NaCH3COO)

A

Diuretic, urinary alkalinizer, Antacid

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26
Q

What test benedict’s solution is used?

A

Alkalinizing agent; test for ketone, aldehydes & reducing sugar

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27
Q

Cations in Triple Acetates of Sodium

A

Co
Zn
Mg

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28
Q

“Baking soda”is known as?

A

Sodium Bicarbonate (NaHCO3)

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29
Q

Use of NaHCO3

A

Systemic Antacid

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30
Q

Antidote for Zinc Poisoning

A

Sodium Bicarbonate

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31
Q

Side Effects of NaHCO3

A

Rebound Hyperacidity, Systemic Alkalosis, Enema

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32
Q

Use of Sodium Carbonate (Na2Co3)

A

Antacid, Carbonating Agents (Source for Carbonate Ion)

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33
Q

Known as Rock/Table/Solar Salt

A

Sodium Chloride (NaCl)

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34
Q

Use of NaCl

A

Electrolyte replenisher, Preservative, Condiment

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35
Q

Use of Sodium Citrate (Na3C6H5O7)

A

Anti-coagulate (due to citrate), Diuretic, Chronic Acidosis, Buffer, Alkalinizer, Expectorant

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36
Q

Side effects of Sodium Citrate (Na3C6H5O7)

A

Bleeding

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37
Q

Use of Sodium Flouride (NaF)

A

Anticariogenic (prevent dental caries)

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38
Q

Other name of Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH)

A

Caustic Soda,Lye

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39
Q

Use of NaOH

A

Saponifying agent; NaOH TS (Reagent used to differentiate mercurous salts from mercuric salts)

40
Q

Other name of Sodium Hypochloride (NaClO)

A

Chlorox, Bleaching powder

41
Q

Use of NaClO

A

Oxidizing Agent, Bleaching Agent

42
Q

2 Kinds of Diluted Sodium Hypochlorite and Uses

A

(1) Modified Dakins Soln’ :
Antiseptic
(2) Dakins Solution:
Disinfectant

43
Q

Use of Sodium Iodide (NaI)

A

Expectorant, Iodine Solubilizer, Antifungal

44
Q

Use of Sodium Lactate (NaC3H5O3)

A

Antiketogenic, Electrolyte Replenisher, Antacid, Diuretic

45
Q

Other name of Sodium Metaphosphate

A

Graham’s Salt

46
Q

Use of Sodium Nitrite (NaNO2)

A

Vasodilator

47
Q

Antidote for Cyanide Poisoning

A

NaNO2

48
Q

Other name of Sodium Nitrate

A

Chile Salt Peter

49
Q

Use of Sodium Nitrate

A

Meat Preservative

50
Q

Other name of Sodium Sulfate

A

Glauber’s Salt

51
Q

Use of NaSO3

A

Cathartic

52
Q

Use of Sodium Tartrate (Na2C4H4O6)

A

Primary std for Karl Fisher Reagent (Method I- Water Determination)

53
Q

Use of Sodium Thiocyanate (NaSCN)

A

Hypotensive

54
Q

Other name of Sodium Thiosulfate (Na2S2O4)

A

Hypochlor, Photographer’s Hypo

55
Q

Antidote for Cyanide poisoning with sodium nitrate

A

Sodium Thiosulfate

56
Q

Use of Disodium Calcium (EDTA)

A

Used as stabiliser for silver protein compounds

57
Q

Use of Sodium Metabisulfite

A

used when Sodium bisulfate is specified.

58
Q

Process used to obtain 99% purity hydrogen

A

Messerschmidt process

59
Q

Pharmacological Action of Potassium

A

Diuretic, Muscular Contraction

60
Q

Use of Potassium Acetate (KCH3COO)

A

Diuretic, Urinary alkalinizer, Antacid,

61
Q

Other name of Potassium Arsenite

A

Fowler’s Solution

62
Q

Other name of Potassium Sulfate (KAl(SO4)2)

A

“Potassium Alum “, “Potash Alum”, “Tawas”

63
Q

Use of Potassium Bicarbonate (KHCO3)

A

Systemic Antacid;

Carbonating Agent for effervescent prep. ; Source of Bicarbonate ion

64
Q

Other Name of Potassium Bitartrate (KC4H5O6)

A

“Cream of Tartar”, “Creamor”

65
Q

Use of Cream of Tartar

A

Laxative

66
Q

Pharmacological Action of KBr

A

Depressant; Use for IR Analysis

67
Q

Other name of Potassium Carbonate (K2CO3)

A

“Potash, “Salt of Peter”, “Pearl ash”

68
Q

Use of Potash

A

Antacid, Carbonating Agent, Carbonate source

69
Q

Also known as Bertholate Salt

A

Potassium chloride (KCLO3

70
Q

Use of Potassium Chloride

A 
Electrolyte Replenisher (Slow push)
IV push : Lethal Injection
71
Q

Use of Potassium Citrate

A

Diuretic, Expectorant, Diaphoretic

72
Q

Caustic Potash is known as?

A

Potassium Hydroxide

73
Q

Use of KOH

A

Saponifying agent (produces liquid/soft soap)

74
Q

Use of Potassium Iodide (KI)

A

Expectorant, Iodine Solubilizer, Antifungal

75
Q

Other name of Potassium Nitrate and use

A

“Salt Peter”, “Salt Prunelle”, “Salitre”

Use: Meat Preservatives

76
Q

Known as Mineral Chameleon

A

Potassium Permanganate (KMnO4)

77
Q

Use of KMnO4

A

Oxidizing Agent,
Primary Standard for KMnO4 VS: Sodium Oxalate
Secondary Standard: Oxalic Acid

78
Q

Antidote for Strychnine Poisoning

A

KOH

79
Q

Use of Potassium Dihydrogen Phosphate (KH2PO4)

A

Cathartic

80
Q

Other name of Potassium Sodium Tartrate (KNa2C4H4O6)

A

“Rocehlle Salt”, “Sal Signette”

81
Q

Use of Rochelle Salt

A

Cathartic, Sequestering Agent

82
Q

Use of Potassium Thiocyanate (KSCN)

A

Hypotensive Agent

83
Q

Known as Liver of Sulfur

A

Sulfurated Potash[K2SO4/(K2Sx)2]

84
Q

Use in the tx of Psoriasis

A

Liver of Sulfur

85
Q

Potassium tetraiodomercurate(II) (K2HgI4) is also known as?

A

“Nessler’s Reagent”

86
Q

Use of “Nessler’s Reagent”

A

an alkaline solution used to detect Ammonia

87
Q

Reagents that will ppt potassium?

A
  • Sodium Cobaltinitrite
  • Tetraphenylboron
  • Perchloric Acid
88
Q

Pharmacologic Action of Ammonium

A

Diuretic/Buffer/Expectorant/Anti-cardiogenic

89
Q

Use of Ammonium Iodine (NH4Cl)

A

Source of iodide, Expectorant,

Antifungal

90
Q

Another name of Ammonium Acetate (NH4CH3COO) and use

A

“Spirit of Minderesus”

Use: Buffer component

91
Q

“Spirit of Sal Volatile”, “Spirit of Hart’s Horn” is known as?

A

Aromatic Ammonia Spirit

92
Q

Use of Aromatic Ammonia Spirit

A

Respiratory Stimulant

93
Q

Other name of Ammoniated Mercury (HgNH2Cl)

A

White Precipitate

94
Q

Use of White ppt?

A

Topical Anti-infective

95
Q

Used to separate Bismuth from copper & cadmium

A

Ammonium Hydroxide

96
Q

Different Ammonium Complexes

A
  • Copper - Blue

* Cadmium - Colorless *Bismuth - white hydroxide

Module 1 - Pharmacy Licensure Exam (Phil) (9 decks)

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