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Chemistry ;) > Inorganic Chemistry- AS LEVEL > Flashcards

Inorganic Chemistry- AS LEVEL Flashcards

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1
Q

what is the trend in the 1st ionisation energy in Period 3 elements.
Na-Ar.

A

-ionisation energy increases.
-nuclear charge increases: more protons
electrons attracted to
+ve nucleus
atomic radius decrease
as a result.
-shielding stays the same.

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2
Q

what is the trend in atomic radius for period 3 elements.

A

atomic radius increases.

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3
Q

what is the trend in melting points for period 3 elements - Na,Mg,Al

A

-increases
-the ionic charge
-sea of delocalised electrons icreases
… metallic bonds increase.

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4
Q

what is the trend in the atomic radius for group 2 metals?

A

increases as you go down the group

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5
Q

why does the atomic radius increase for group 2 elements>

A

no of energy levels increase.

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6
Q

what is the trend in the first ionisation energy for group 2 elements?

A

it decreases

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7
Q

why does the 1st IE decrease for group 2 elements?

A

outer electron is further away from the nucleus.
… greater amount of shielding

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8
Q

what is the trend in the melting point for group 2 elements?

A

it decreases

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9
Q

why does the melting point decreases for group 2?

A

sea of delocalised electrons are further away from nuclei.
charge density decreases

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10
Q

which group 2 element doesn’t fit with the melting point trend?

A

magnesium

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11
Q

TRUE or FALSE all group 2 elements become oxidised

A

TRUE

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12
Q

what is the trend in reactivity for group 2 elements with water?

A

it increases

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13
Q

what is the use of magnesium in the extraction of titanium from titanium chloride?

A

the magnesium displaces titanium chloride in order to produce titanium

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14
Q

what is the formation of the hydroxides?
(wen metals react with water)

A

X+2H2O–>Mg(OH)2 + H2

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15
Q

what is the trend in the solubility of the hydroxides in water?

A

solubility increases as you go down the group

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16
Q

TRUE or FALSE Mg(OH)2 is soluble in water

A

FALSE

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17
Q

what is Mg(OH)2 used for in medicine

A

neutralises excess stomach acid.
causes heartburn-indigestion-wind

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18
Q

what is the use of Ca(OH)2 in agriculture?

A

used to treat acidic soil

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19
Q

what other name is Ca(OH)2 referred to?

A

slaked lime

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20
Q

what is the trend in the solubility of the sulphates down the group

A

solubility decreases.
Mg- most soluble
Ba-least solublee

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21
Q

why is acidified BaCl2 solution used to test for sulphate ions?

A

remove carbonate ions as carbon dioxide

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22
Q

What are the results for the presence of sulphate from barium sulphate

A

a white percipitate of barium sulphate f formed

23
Q

what is the usage of BaSO4 in medicine

A

used as a barium meal
to highlight the digestive tract under the X-ray.

24
Q

why is the barium meal safe, even though BA is a hard metal

A

barim sulphate is very insoluble.

25
Q

what is the property of flourine?

A

pale yellow gas

26
Q

what are the properties of chlorine?

A

greenish gas

27
Q

what are the properties of bromine

A

red brown liquid

28
Q

what are the properties of iodine

A

a black solid

29
Q

what is the trend in the atomic radius for the group 7 elements?

A

increases
extra shell of electrons

30
Q

what is the trend in electronegativity for group 7 elements?

A

decreases

31
Q

why does the trend in electronegativity decrease for group 7 elements?

A

outer electron is further from nucleus
greater sheilding

32
Q

what is the trend in the boiling point for group 7 elements?

A

increases as you go down the group.

33
Q

why does the trend in BP and MP occur for group 7 elements?

A

large atoms=great amount of electrons
van der Waals forces between molecules is stronger

34
Q

what is meant by the term oxidising agent

A

when the thing gets reduced
so gain an electron

35
Q

are the group 7 halogens oxidising agents?

A

YES

36
Q

what is the trend in the oxidising agent for group 7 elements?

A

it decreases as you go down the group
fluorine the most

37
Q

what happens during a displacement reaction of halide ions in an aqueous solution?

A

the halogen will react with a metal halide

38
Q

give an example of a displacement reaction between a halogen

A

Cl2 + 2NaBr—-> 2NaCl + Br2

39
Q

why does bromine get displaced in the reaction
Cl2 + NaBr—-> NaCl + Br2

A

chlorine is more reactive than bromine

40
Q

TRUE or FALSE halide ions can act as reducing agents

A

TRUE

41
Q

what happens to the halide ion when they are oxidised?

A

electron is given away
and it becomes a halogen molecule

42
Q

what is the trend in the reducing ability forr the halogens?

A

it increases down the group

43
Q

why does the reducing ability increase down the group?

A

an electron is lost from the outermost shell
due to large atomic radius and greater shielding
weaker attraction between the electron and nucleus

44
Q

what do the sodium halides react with?

A

sulfuric acid

45
Q

what is the process of sodium halides reacting with the sulfuric acid?

A

few drops of sulfuric acid is added to the sodium halide

46
Q

what is an example of the reaction for sodium halides and sulfuric acid

A

NaCl + H2SO4—>NaHSO4 + HCl

47
Q

what are the products for the reaction with sulfuric acid and the sodium halide

A

sodium hydrogensulfate (s)
and hydrogen chloride / hydrogen halide

48
Q

How can we test for halides

A

Using silver nitrate

49
Q

Why do we add nitric acid when we test for halides

A

To prevent silver nitrate from reacting with the carbonates and hydroxides

50
Q

What is the colour change we add silver nitrate to fluorine

A

Colourless solution

51
Q

What is the colour change when we add silver nitrate to chlorine

A

White precipitate

52
Q

What is the colour change we add silver nitrate to bromine

A

Cream precipitate

53
Q

What is the colour change when we react iodine with silver nitrate

A

Yellow precipitate

54
Q

Why do we do further testing when we get the silver halides

A

The colours produced by chlorine iodine and bromine are too similar

Chemistry ;) (7 decks)

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