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Chemistry ;) > ENERGETICS > Flashcards

ENERGETICS Flashcards

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1
Q

what is enthalpy

A

heat energy change in a reaction uder standard conditions

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2
Q

what are the standard conditions ?

A

298K
100kPa

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3
Q

what are the two types of reactions?

A

endothermic
exotheermic

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4
Q

what is an endothermic reaction?

A

when energy is absorbed from the surroundings

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5
Q

where is the position iif the products in an endothermic reaction

A

at thee top

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6
Q

what is an exothermic reaction?

A

when energy is released to the surroundings

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7
Q

what happens to the suroundings during an exothermic reaction?

A

it gets warmer

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8
Q

where is the position of the products in an exothermic reaction

A

its lower

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9
Q

what type of reaction is a bond breaking one?

A

endotheermic

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10
Q

why is it an endothermic reaction when bonds are madde

A

heat is absorbedd

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11
Q

what type of a reaction is bond making

A

exothermic

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12
Q

why is it an exothermic reaction when bonds are broken

A

energy is releeased

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13
Q

what is an example of an exothermic reaction?

A

combustion

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14
Q

what is standard enthalpy of formation

A

enthaphy change required to forrm 1 mole of a compound from its constituent elements under standard conditions
298K
100kPA

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15
Q

what is standard enthalpy of combustion

A

the enthalphy change required to completely burn 1 mole of a compound in excess oxygen under standard conditions
298K
100kPA

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16
Q

what does calorimetry allow us to see

A

enthalpy change of a reaction

17
Q

how can wecalculate thee enthapy change

A

kJ/mol

18
Q

what is burnt in calorimtry

A

the fuel

19
Q

what are tthe steps of calorimtry

A

meausre the inital mass of fuel
find inital temperature of water
light up fuel
energy from fuel will increase the temp of water

20
Q

what is the purpose of the fuel

A

so that the energy from the fuel will increase the temp of water

21
Q

sometimes the enthalpy change of or reaction is less than the actual one
why is that?

A

heat is lost to surroundings
-heat is absorbed by container
-incomplete combustion
-evaporation (volatile fuel)

22
Q

what is Hess’s LAw

A

enthalphy change is the same as whatever route it takes

23
Q

where do the arrows go for enthalpy of formation

A

down then up ——
up up

24
Q

where do the arrows for enthalpy of combustion

A

down then up ——
down down

25
Q

what is bond enthalpy

A

the avergae energy needed to break covalent bonds over a range of compounds

26
Q

what is the difference between Hesses Law and Bond enthalpies

A

hesses law is the actual values of bod enthalpy in that reaction
bond enthalpy- mean values across compounds containing bond

27
Q

what is the state of the molecules in bond enthalpy

A

gaseous state

Chemistry ;) (7 decks)

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