Inorganic 2 Section 2 - Unit 22: Periodicity Flashcards
Deduce the type of bonding in phosphorus oxide (1 mark)
Simple molecular
Write an equation for the reaction between phosphorus oxide and water (1 mark)
P₄O₁₀ + 6H₂O → 4H₃PO₄
State the meaning of the term amphoteric (1 mark)
Reacts with acids and bases
Explain why sodium oxide forms an alkaline solution when it reacts with water (2 marks)
- Sodium oxide contains O²⁻ ions
- Which react with water forming OH– ions
Write two equations to show the amphoteric nature of aluminium oxide (2 marks)
Al₂O₃(s) + 2OH⁻ (aq) + 3H₂O (l) → 2Al(OH)₄ (acid)
Al₂O₃ + 6H+ → 2Al³⁺ + 3H₂O
Write an ionic equation for the reaction of phosphorus(V) oxide with an excess of sodium hydroxide solution (1 mark)
P₄O₁₀ + 12OH⁻ → 4PO₄³⁻ + 6H₂O
Describe what you would observe when magnesium is heated with steam (2 marks)
- White solid
- White light / flame
Describe what you would observe when sodium is heated in oxygen (2 marks)
- White solid
- Yellow flame
State the observation when magnesium reacts with oxygen (2 marks)
- Burns with a white flame
- To give a white solid smoke
State the observation when aluminium reacts with oxygen (2 marks)
- Burns with a white flame
- To give a white solid smoke
State the observation when silicon reacts with oxygen (2 marks)
- Burns with a white flame
- To give a white solid smoke
State the observation when phosphorus reacts with oxygen (2 marks)
- Burns with a white flame
- To give a white solid smoke
State the observation when sulfur reacts with oxygen (2 marks)
- Burns with a blue flame
- To produce an acidic choking gas
Explain why aluminium oxide shows some covalent character as well as ionic character (2 marks)
- Small aluminium ion has high charge (3+) so pulls the electrons from O²- towards itself
- This distorts the oxide charge cloud and creates covalent character
Suggest why P₄O₁₀ and SO₂ are simple covalent oxides (1 mark)
- Small electronegativity difference between the non-metal and the O atoms