Innovation Management (Foundations)

Question 1

Innovation

Answer 1

Initial commercial exploitation of an invention via production and sales of a new product or through deployment of a new process in operations.

Question 2

Innovation Management

Answer 2

All planning, decision, organisational and control tasks with respect to research, development, production and marketing of new products and processes

Question 3

Invention

Answer 3

is a technically realised concept of a new product or process as the result of research and development

Question 4

Stages and Terms of Innovation Management

Answer 4

Fundamental research (theory and knowledge), Applied research (technology and knowledge), Pre-development (technics and prototype), Development in the narrower sense (technics and invention), Production and marketing (technics and innovation)

Question 5

Outcome of the different Stages of Innovation Management

Answer 5

• Theories: common scientific knowledge, that describe empirically proven cause-and-effect relationship;
• Technologies: instructions for technical actions that are based on theories;
• Technics: the result, when technologies are being realised in tangible or intangible products or processes;

Question 6

Classification of Technologies

Answer 6

• Field of Application (Product technologies, process technologies);
• Stage of life cycle (Peacemaker technologies, Key technologies, Basic technologies)

Question 7

Requisite criteria for issuance of patent by patent office

Answer 7

(Not able to use for 20 years)

1. For technical product, process or method;
2. Novelty;
3. Non-obviousness (significant inventive step);
4. Utility

Question 8

Design Patents

Answer 8

• Protection for features of form, configuration, patterning or ornamentation of an article;
• Limited appearance, construction or function are not protected

Question 9

Magic Goal Triangle (Objective of Innovation Management)

Answer 9

• Efforts (Internal: Costs from R&D activities to marketing and sales (Pharmaceuticals, automotive industry); External: Price (has to be maximised);
• Time (Internal: Lead time (minimising the lead time); Externally:
• Results (Internal: Quality; External: Customer benefit)

Question 10

Targets of Innovation Management

Answer 10

• Cost Targets (R&D costs; Production costs);
• Time Targets (Development time; Timing);
• Result targets (Innovation quantity; Innovation quality)

Question 11

Innovation Risk

Answer 11

• Technical - Mercedes Benz A class, did not pass the Elch-Test, therefore had to pay customers;
• Market-related - new coke recipe, people didnt like it; HD DVD - no demand for this product, people were not ready;
• Business-related - Toshiba Westinghouse bought a company, which was building nuclear power station in Canada, but didnt work out, because costs were rising way too much - could not handle it.
• Pressure from competitors
• Resistance