Injury signs/ symptoms Flashcards
Spondylolysis s/ s
Insidious onset of lower back pain
Increased symptoms with activity level( extension, lateral flexion)
Usually no neurological involvement
Cervical Whiplash s/s
Tenderness
Muscle spasm
Loss of ROM
Muscle guarding
Low back pain s/ s
Pain located below costal margin - gluteal folds
May radiate to buttocks
Aggravated with movement, alleviated with rest
Decreased ROM
Paraspinal muscle spasm
Thoracic outlet syndrome s/s
Swelling, discolouration, muscle atrophy Decreased or absent pulses Shoulder/ neck/ arm pain Temperature, skin condition Symptoms present with certain positions
SI joint sprain s/ s
Pain over SI joint and palpation of ligaments
Bruising, muscle spasms
Asymmetrical hip/ iliac crest level
AC joint sprain s/ s
Grade 1: point tenderness/ discomfort with movement of tip of clavicle/ acromion. No deformity
Grade 2: tearing of AC ligaments and CC ligament
Slight prominence of clavicle, loss of abduction, pt. tender
Grade 3: complete rupture of “ ligaments
Increased prominence of distal clavicle
Increased pain and loss of function
Glenohumeral dislocation s/ s
Flattened deltoid contour Palpation of axilla reveals prominence of humeral head Athlete protects injured extremity Loss of function, ROM Extreme pain
Rotator cuff tear s/ s
Pain, weakness, loss of ROM
Shoulder bursitis s/ s
Pain with movement- abduction, flexion, and internal rotation are worst
Tenderness on palpation
Night pain- cannot sleep on injured shoulder
Shoulder impingement syndrome s/ s
Generalized aching of the shoulder
Pain with abduction and flexion
Positive painful arc and impingement tests
Tender over rotator cuff tendons
Decreased strength with resisted muscle testing
Clavicular fracture s/ s
Supports arm at the elbow
Obvious deformity- clavicle may be lower or higher vs contralateral side
Pain
Swelling
Fracture of humerus s/ s
Pain Inability to move the arm Swelling Point tenderness May have neuro signs- loss of sensation and motor control
Lateral epicondylitis s/ s
A.K.A tennis elbow
Insidious onset/ progressive pain
Numbness/ tingling
Pain with wrist/ elbow movements, gripping
Localized tenderness over lateral epicondyle
Medial epicondylitis s/ s
A.K.A golfer’s elbow
Pain over medial epicondyle
Pain with resisted forearm and flexion
Decreased grip strength
Tightness/ stiffness with stretching elbow and wrist flexors
Ulnar( medial) collateral ligament sprain s/ s
Tenderness along UCL
Swelling
Tingling/ numbness may be present
Lack of full extension
Elbow dislocation s/ s
Deformity
Swelling
Pain
Loss of function
Forearm splints/ strain s/ s
Dull ache between extensor muscles
Weakness and pain with muscle contraction
Irritation of the interosseous membrane
Forearm fracture s/ s
Audible pop or crack
Severe pain, swelling, disability
Localized tenderness and eccymosis with possible crepitus
Colles’ fracture s/ s
Visible disformity resembles a dinner fork
Bleeding is profuse and causes extensive swelling
Skier’s thumb s/ s
Pain
Swelling
Tenderness over ulnar aspect of 1st metacarpal joint
Instability/ laxity
Boxer’s fracture s/ s
Pain at distal interphalangeal joint
Point tenderness
Loss of function
Swelling
Groin strain s/ s
Generalized pain, weakness
May occur as a twinge during movement or present after the activity
Greater trochanteric bursitis
Achy pain over greater trochanter
Difficulty walking
Pain while lying on the affected side
Localized swelling
Dislocated hip
Athlete is flexed, adducted, and internally rotated
Greater trochanter has moved posterioraly, can result in tearing of the capsule and ligaments
Hip pointer
Immediate pain Muscle spasm Transitory paralysis of the trunk muscles Pain with trunk rotation and hip flexion Bruising and tenderness
Quadriceps contusion
Pain, loss of function, tissue bleeding, may be limping, swelling, tenderness
Quad muscle strain
Bleeding, pain, point tenderness, spasm, loss of function, possible bruising and/ or deformity
LCL sprain
Lateral knee pain Swelling/ bruising LCL laxity Tenderness Altered gait
ACL injury
Audible pop
Immediate swelling ( hemarthosis)
Instability - anterior drawer
Meniscal tears
Locking or giving away sensation
Swelling within joint
Pain with pivoting
Patellar subluxation or dislocation
Pain
Swelling
Deformity
Loss of knee function
Patellar tendonitis
Tenderness on palpation inferior pole of patella
Pain during and post activity- worse with running, jumping
Possible swelling
Bony protuberance
Concussion
Altered consciousness Retrograde or anterograde amnesia Headache Tinnitus Nausea Confusion Dizziness Difficulty concentrating Vision impairment Photophobia Sleep disturbance
