Injury signs/ symptoms

Question 0

Spondylolysis s/ s

Answer 0

Insidious onset of lower back pain
Increased symptoms with activity level( extension, lateral flexion)
Usually no neurological involvement

Question 1

Cervical Whiplash s/s

Answer 1

Tenderness
Muscle spasm
Loss of ROM
Muscle guarding

Question 2

Low back pain s/ s

Answer 2

Pain located below costal margin - gluteal folds
May radiate to buttocks
Aggravated with movement, alleviated with rest
Decreased ROM
Paraspinal muscle spasm

Question 3

Thoracic outlet syndrome s/s

Answer 3

Swelling, discolouration, muscle atrophy
Decreased or absent pulses
Shoulder/ neck/ arm pain
Temperature, skin condition
Symptoms present with certain positions

Question 4

SI joint sprain s/ s

Answer 4

Pain over SI joint and palpation of ligaments
Bruising, muscle spasms
Asymmetrical hip/ iliac crest level

Question 5

AC joint sprain s/ s

Answer 5

Grade 1: point tenderness/ discomfort with movement of tip of clavicle/ acromion. No deformity

Grade 2: tearing of AC ligaments and CC ligament
Slight prominence of clavicle, loss of abduction, pt. tender

Grade 3: complete rupture of “ ligaments
Increased prominence of distal clavicle
Increased pain and loss of function

Question 6

Glenohumeral dislocation s/ s

Answer 6

Flattened deltoid contour
Palpation of axilla reveals prominence of humeral head
Athlete protects injured extremity
Loss of function, ROM
Extreme pain

Question 7

Rotator cuff tear s/ s

Answer 7

Pain, weakness, loss of ROM

Question 8

Shoulder bursitis s/ s

Answer 8

Pain with movement- abduction, flexion, and internal rotation are worst
Tenderness on palpation
Night pain- cannot sleep on injured shoulder

Question 9

Shoulder impingement syndrome s/ s

Answer 9

Generalized aching of the shoulder
Pain with abduction and flexion
Positive painful arc and impingement tests
Tender over rotator cuff tendons
Decreased strength with resisted muscle testing

Question 10

Clavicular fracture s/ s

Answer 10

Supports arm at the elbow
Obvious deformity- clavicle may be lower or higher vs contralateral side
Pain
Swelling

Question 11

Fracture of humerus s/ s

Answer 11

Pain
Inability to move the arm
Swelling
Point tenderness
May have neuro signs- loss of sensation and motor control

Question 12

Lateral epicondylitis s/ s

A.K.A tennis elbow

Answer 12

Insidious onset/ progressive pain
Numbness/ tingling
Pain with wrist/ elbow movements, gripping
Localized tenderness over lateral epicondyle

Question 13

Medial epicondylitis s/ s

A.K.A golfer’s elbow

Answer 13

Pain over medial epicondyle
Pain with resisted forearm and flexion
Decreased grip strength
Tightness/ stiffness with stretching elbow and wrist flexors

Question 14

Ulnar( medial) collateral ligament sprain s/ s

Answer 14

Tenderness along UCL
Swelling
Tingling/ numbness may be present
Lack of full extension

Question 15

Elbow dislocation s/ s

Answer 15

Deformity
Swelling
Pain
Loss of function

Question 16

Forearm splints/ strain s/ s

Answer 16

Dull ache between extensor muscles
Weakness and pain with muscle contraction
Irritation of the interosseous membrane

Question 17

Forearm fracture s/ s

Answer 17

Audible pop or crack
Severe pain, swelling, disability
Localized tenderness and eccymosis with possible crepitus

Question 18

Colles’ fracture s/ s

Answer 18

Visible disformity resembles a dinner fork

Bleeding is profuse and causes extensive swelling

Question 19

Skier’s thumb s/ s

Answer 19

Pain
Swelling
Tenderness over ulnar aspect of 1st metacarpal joint
Instability/ laxity

Question 20

Boxer’s fracture s/ s

Answer 20

Pain at distal interphalangeal joint
Point tenderness
Loss of function
Swelling

Question 21

Groin strain s/ s

Answer 21

Generalized pain, weakness

May occur as a twinge during movement or present after the activity

Question 22

Greater trochanteric bursitis

Answer 22

Achy pain over greater trochanter
Difficulty walking
Pain while lying on the affected side
Localized swelling

Question 23

Dislocated hip

Answer 23

Athlete is flexed, adducted, and internally rotated

Greater trochanter has moved posterioraly, can result in tearing of the capsule and ligaments

Question 24

Hip pointer

Answer 24

Immediate pain
Muscle spasm
Transitory paralysis of the trunk muscles
Pain with trunk rotation and hip flexion
Bruising and tenderness

Question 25

Quadriceps contusion

Answer 25

Pain, loss of function, tissue bleeding, may be limping, swelling, tenderness

Question 26

Quad muscle strain

Answer 26

Bleeding, pain, point tenderness, spasm, loss of function, possible bruising and/ or deformity

Question 27

LCL sprain

Answer 27

Lateral knee pain
Swelling/ bruising
LCL laxity
Tenderness 
Altered gait

Question 28

ACL injury

Answer 28

Audible pop
Immediate swelling ( hemarthosis)
Instability - anterior drawer

Question 29

Meniscal tears

Answer 29

Locking or giving away sensation
Swelling within joint
Pain with pivoting

Question 30

Patellar subluxation or dislocation

Answer 30

Pain
Swelling
Deformity
Loss of knee function

Question 31

Patellar tendonitis

Answer 31

Tenderness on palpation inferior pole of patella
Pain during and post activity- worse with running, jumping
Possible swelling
Bony protuberance

Question 32

Concussion

Answer 32

Altered consciousness
Retrograde or anterograde amnesia
Headache
Tinnitus
Nausea
Confusion
Dizziness 
Difficulty concentrating
Vision impairment
Photophobia
Sleep disturbance