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Patologi Foresik > Injury > Flashcards

Injury Flashcards

Assesment, clasification, documentation

1
Q

laserasi is

A

pecah, tpotong or robeknx kulit krn impak benda tumpul n dpt menyebabkn perdrhan byk

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2
Q

jenis trauma tumpul

A
  1. blow/impact. 2. traction. 3. torsion. 4. oblique n shearing forces
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3
Q

hasil dr trauma tumpul

A
  • tdk ada. - tenderness. -nyeri. -erythema. - oedema. -bruising/contusion. - abrasi/grazed. -laserasi. -fraktur
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4
Q

tjd disrupsi pembuluh drh

A

bruises. klo g da cm erythema aja

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5
Q

2 btk bruises

A
  1. kerusakan p.darah (vena n arteriole) 2.kbocoran drh ke jaringan sekitar
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6
Q

macam trauma tumpul

A
  • blow/impacts. - traksi. -torsion. -oblique n shearing forces
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7
Q

manifestasi trauma tumpul

A
  1. nihil. 2. tenderness. 3. nyeri. 4. erythema. 5. oedema. 6. bruising/contusio. 7. grazes/abrasi. 8. lacerasi. 9. fraktur. 10. ecchymosis. 11. hematoma 12. petecchiae
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8
Q

jenis kekuatan yg menyebabkn trauma tumpul

A
  1. direk (poking, squeezing, gripping) 2. indirek (suction, following compresion/strangulasi)
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9
Q

faktor yg ngaruh pd bruises

A
  1. peteki pd levelnx or diatas tmp kompresi. 2. bs brubah n bpindah. 3. gravitasi n dasar jaringan
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10
Q

kluarmx peteki pd kasus strangulasi

A

2jam : multiple bruising, sclera normal. 36jam : multiple bruising, scleral blood

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11
Q

superficial bruises yg membentuk pola

A

intradermal bruises

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12
Q

luka yg kuning artinya

A

lbh dr 18 jam yg lalu

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13
Q

bruises bs tjd stlh kmatian?

A

bs, tgt kekuatan

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14
Q

abrasi is

A

superficial injury dmn tanpa penetrasi ke sluruh ketebalan epidermis

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15
Q

penyebab abrasi

A

kontak dgn benda kasar, tangential shearing force, crushing when vertically force, bite marks n groove n parchmented, crush abrasion (in ligature mark of strangukation)

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16
Q

penanda ketebalan abrasi

A

epidermis saja : tdk bdarah. epi+ dermis: punctat/spotty, bdarah

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17
Q

ciri khas abrasi krn kontak dgn jalan

A

gravel rash/ brush abrasion

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18
Q

ciri khas abrasi krn kontak lgs dgn benda yg halus

A

tegas, linear/sesuai bentuk benda yg melekat, memerah, kasar. nama lain : friction burn

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19
Q

arah kekuatan penyebab pada abrasi diidentifikasi dgn

A

inspeksi dekat(magnifikasi resolusi tinggi pada gambaran digital) n melihat ujung dr fragmen yg robek (ada lipatan epidermis)

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20
Q

jaringan yg kemungkinan msh utuh pada laserasi

A

saraf, fascia/jar fibrosa, kdg p.drh ukuran medium –> dsebut bridging fibres

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21
Q

daerah laserasi yg sering iregular split

A

daun telinga

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22
Q

daerah yg sering tjd laserasi

A

yg dekat dgn tulang akibat penekanan

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23
Q

daerah yg jrg tjd laserasi

A

lunak spt bokong, payudara n abdomen

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24
Q

ciri khas laserasi akibat roda kendaraan

A

marknx, horizontal, area luas, dsebut flaying/ degloving, batas kasar, mirip incisi, bs tembus mpe tulang

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25
Q

ciri khas luka benda tajam

A

terlihat jelas incisinx, batas luka tegas tanpa melihat bentuk/gambaran luka n kedlaman penetrasi

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26
Q

perbedaan incisi n luka tusuk

A

incisi: luka epidermis lbh panjang dr kedalamannx. stab : luka memanjang lbh pendek dr kedalamannx

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27
Q

ketajaman dr benda penyebab luka incisi/slash

A

ujungnx bersih/g da bruishing or abrasi/g da fiber bridging

28
Q

luka incisi yg life threathening

A

dalam. di wrist or neck or d arteri mayor

29
Q

benda apa saja yg dpt menyebabkan luka tusuk

A

semuanyg punx ujung agk lancip, tdk tentu tajam

30
Q

nature of force stabing

A

dynamic, meliputi pergerakan yg relatif komplek

31
Q

faktor yg mempengaruhi byknx kekuatan yg dbutuhkn utk menusuk

A
  1. ketajaman bagian ujung senjata. 2. ktajaman bagian yg utk memotong(pisau) 3. gerakannx dinamis amtara korban n penyerang. 4. baju yg tpenetrasi dpt ngaruh k resistensi penetrasi. 5. resistensi kulit kecil klo krn pisau, besar klo kna tulang
32
Q

chop/bacok ciri khasnx?

A

blade g tajam n biasanx berat misal kapak, lukanx mix antara jenis yg tajam n tumpul, bs tjd fraktur n amputasi

33
Q

beda celah pd stab wound bdasar alur kulit

A

mengikuti alur kulit : tarikan kluar/nonjol lbh pendek n lbh lebar. paralel thd alur : tmp tarikannx memanjang, ujungnx menutup

34
Q

ukuran luka tgt

A

bentuk n ukuran senjata, kedalaman luka tusukan

35
Q

klo pisau bputar atau membelit maka btk lukanx

A

irregular/triangular, luka melebar

36
Q

luka yg apex tajam n mbtk v n sisi lain bulat n tumpul(split each side/fishtail) sering pd jenis pisau

A

pisau dapur (sisi tajam n ada sisi tumpul)

37
Q

stabing dgn obyek tumpul, lukanx?

A

blekuk, robek, memar pd tmp penetrasi, btk tgt bentuk benda tumpul

38
Q

luka tusukan krn gunting

A

z-shaped,

39
Q

luka tusukan krn chisel (utk pahatan pohon)

A

rectangular shaped(persegi pjg)

40
Q

ciri luka pada tinju pada badan yg bsentuhan dgn tulang

A

tgt kekuatan n bs dmn saja; jenis luka bs bruises, abrasi, laserasi, fraktur;

41
Q

tinju pada bibir

A

dpt menekan gigi -> bruise, abrasi, laserasi bibir dalam, px intraoral

42
Q

luka tinju pada hidung n dahi

A

bruise pada periorbital bilateral (black eyes)

43
Q

kemungkinan yg tjd bila dtinju pada abdomen

A

injury intraabdominal, laserasi mesenterika, ruptur intestinal, injury organ mayor

44
Q

kemungkinan luka yg tjd apabila dtendang ato diinjak

A

lbh kuat drpd tinju; bekas pola sol sepatu; korban biasanx ada dlantai/tanah; sering pd wajah,kepala, dada, abdomen; skeletal injury bila kuat tendangnx (wajah n costa); pada abdomen bs smp ruptur organ

45
Q

bekas gigitan

A

bruise/laserasi tgt power; sering tjd pd perkosaan, child abuse, sport

46
Q

ciri gigitan krn serangan perkosaan

A

leher, payudara, bahu

47
Q

tmp gigitan pada lengan n bokong sering pada

A

child abuse

48
Q

px odontologi menentukan

A

bentuk archus/manusia?hewan?. ukuran/anak?dewasa? gigi yg tlibat

49
Q

selain odontologi, px lain yg dperlukan

A

swab dna. fotografi

50
Q

injury akibat pertahanan melawan pisau

A

memegang atau mengelak pada tangan yg dominan, dgn kedalaman bvariasi, tdk bkelanjutan n bukan dpermukaan yg datar

51
Q

injury pertahanan dgn senjata tumpul

A

tjd lengan bawah n atas klo bdiri, punggung, tungkai bagian belakang klo dbawah, bs menggulang n proteksi dgn lengan utk menutupi kepala n kaki mjaga bagian dada

52
Q

defence injury bs tdk ada pada

A

korban yg tdk sasar, dberi alkohol/mabuk, obat2an, dkekang oleh org lain

53
Q

kasus self inflicted sering tjd pada

A

gangguan psikiatri/mental, dhubungkan dgn situasi yg mbuat stres n cemas

54
Q

tujuan yg sering pd self inflicted injury

A

utk motivasi ke org lain(caper, staging assault), melibatkn org lain dlm aksi kriminal, finansial/penipuan asuransi

55
Q

fatal self inflicted contohnx

A

loncatdr ketinggian/kereta, gigtan dlengan(klaim dserang), luka dkepala n bagian lain, abrasi dgn menggunakan alat utk mfabrikasi

56
Q

self inflicted dgn iris atu dtusuk

A

tgt individu, sering tjd pd tmp ttt(elective site), irisan sering pd pergelangan tgn n leher, stab sering dprecordium n abdomen, klo hobi -> beda umur penyembuhan luka

57
Q

tmp yg biasanx g da luka pd self inflicted

A

mata, bibir, nipple, genital

58
Q

ciri khas pd self inflicted

A

-umur luka bvariasi/ada yg sdh sembuh dtmp yg sama dgn yg baru. -multipel n penampakan, style n orientasi mirip(reaksi alami, menghindari luka berulang). -dominan paralel (injury dtmp yg blawanan dgn area dominan) -superficial injury/minor krn ragu2/tentative/makin lama makin ringan. -area yg bs diakses sendiri n berada dregio anatomi yg sama. -isu psikiatri n sejenisnx spt eating disorder, penyalahgunaan obat n alkohol, -kemungkinan mjd stage kriminal

59
Q

staging of injury or assault

A

involve others, black eyes n abrasi dlm pd accomplice

60
Q

penyiksaan laporannx berisi

A

riwayat, riwayat medis, px fisik (px kulit, wajah, dada, abdomen, sistem muskuloskeletal, genitourinari, cns pns), px spesifik n evaluasi

61
Q

bentuk2 penyiksaan

A

pukulan, trauma tumpul, suspension/strappado/diikat, posisional torture, electric shock, dentslntorture, asfiksi, sexual torture/rape

62
Q

teknis siksaan yg spesifik

A
  1. pukulan d telapak kaki (falanga, fslaka, bastinado) 2. amputasi. 3. posisional (cheera, parrot perch) 4. suspension (palestinian hanging) 5. electrical burn. 6. wet submarine. 7. dry submarine
63
Q

interpretasi pd kasus penyiksaan

A
  1. tdk konsisten( tdk sesuai deskripsi). 2. konsisten (sesuai deskripsi tp tdk spesifik n ada penyebab lain) 3. sgt konsisten (sesuai n sedikit penyebab lain) 4. tipikal (memang khas tjd pada trauma ini) 5. diagnostik (tdk dpt tgantikan penyebabmx slain dr yg tdeskripsikn)
64
Q

riwayat yg perlu dkaji apabila dtg dgn luka

A
  1. waktu luka. 2. diobat? 3. penyakit lain dkulit. 4.baktivitas fisik. 5.medikasi regular. 6. tgn yg dominan korban n suspek. 7. penggunaan obat n alkohol. 8. senjata yg dgunakan. 9. baju yg robek
65
Q

ciri luka yg perlu dkaji

A
  1. lokasi. 2. tenderness. 3. nyeri. 4. penurunan mobilitas. 5. tipe(lebam/abrasidll) 6. bentuk. 7. warna. 8.orientasi. 9. age. 10. ukuran. 11.penyebab. 12. handedness. 13. time. 14. transientness(of injury)

Patologi Foresik (10 decks)

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