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Patologi Foresik > Injury > Flashcards

Injury Flashcards

Assesment, clasification, documentation

1
Q

laserasi is

A

pecah, tpotong or robeknx kulit krn impak benda tumpul n dpt menyebabkn perdrhan byk

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2
Q

jenis trauma tumpul

A
  1. blow/impact. 2. traction. 3. torsion. 4. oblique n shearing forces
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3
Q

hasil dr trauma tumpul

A
  • tdk ada. - tenderness. -nyeri. -erythema. - oedema. -bruising/contusion. - abrasi/grazed. -laserasi. -fraktur
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4
Q

tjd disrupsi pembuluh drh

A

bruises. klo g da cm erythema aja

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5
Q

2 btk bruises

A
  1. kerusakan p.darah (vena n arteriole) 2.kbocoran drh ke jaringan sekitar
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6
Q

macam trauma tumpul

A
  • blow/impacts. - traksi. -torsion. -oblique n shearing forces
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7
Q

manifestasi trauma tumpul

A
  1. nihil. 2. tenderness. 3. nyeri. 4. erythema. 5. oedema. 6. bruising/contusio. 7. grazes/abrasi. 8. lacerasi. 9. fraktur. 10. ecchymosis. 11. hematoma 12. petecchiae
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8
Q

jenis kekuatan yg menyebabkn trauma tumpul

A
  1. direk (poking, squeezing, gripping) 2. indirek (suction, following compresion/strangulasi)
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9
Q

faktor yg ngaruh pd bruises

A
  1. peteki pd levelnx or diatas tmp kompresi. 2. bs brubah n bpindah. 3. gravitasi n dasar jaringan
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10
Q

kluarmx peteki pd kasus strangulasi

A

2jam : multiple bruising, sclera normal. 36jam : multiple bruising, scleral blood

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11
Q

superficial bruises yg membentuk pola

A

intradermal bruises

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12
Q

luka yg kuning artinya

A

lbh dr 18 jam yg lalu

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13
Q

bruises bs tjd stlh kmatian?

A

bs, tgt kekuatan

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14
Q

abrasi is

A

superficial injury dmn tanpa penetrasi ke sluruh ketebalan epidermis

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15
Q

penyebab abrasi

A

kontak dgn benda kasar, tangential shearing force, crushing when vertically force, bite marks n groove n parchmented, crush abrasion (in ligature mark of strangukation)

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16
Q

penanda ketebalan abrasi

A

epidermis saja : tdk bdarah. epi+ dermis: punctat/spotty, bdarah

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17
Q

ciri khas abrasi krn kontak dgn jalan

A

gravel rash/ brush abrasion

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18
Q

ciri khas abrasi krn kontak lgs dgn benda yg halus

A

tegas, linear/sesuai bentuk benda yg melekat, memerah, kasar. nama lain : friction burn

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19
Q

arah kekuatan penyebab pada abrasi diidentifikasi dgn

A

inspeksi dekat(magnifikasi resolusi tinggi pada gambaran digital) n melihat ujung dr fragmen yg robek (ada lipatan epidermis)

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20
Q

jaringan yg kemungkinan msh utuh pada laserasi

A

saraf, fascia/jar fibrosa, kdg p.drh ukuran medium –> dsebut bridging fibres

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21
Q

daerah laserasi yg sering iregular split

A

daun telinga

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22
Q

daerah yg sering tjd laserasi

A

yg dekat dgn tulang akibat penekanan

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23
Q

daerah yg jrg tjd laserasi

A

lunak spt bokong, payudara n abdomen

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24
Q

ciri khas laserasi akibat roda kendaraan

A

marknx, horizontal, area luas, dsebut flaying/ degloving, batas kasar, mirip incisi, bs tembus mpe tulang

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25
ciri khas luka benda tajam
terlihat jelas incisinx, batas luka tegas tanpa melihat bentuk/gambaran luka n kedlaman penetrasi
26
perbedaan incisi n luka tusuk
incisi: luka epidermis lbh panjang dr kedalamannx. stab : luka memanjang lbh pendek dr kedalamannx
27
ketajaman dr benda penyebab luka incisi/slash
ujungnx bersih/g da bruishing or abrasi/g da fiber bridging
28
luka incisi yg life threathening
dalam. di wrist or neck or d arteri mayor
29
benda apa saja yg dpt menyebabkan luka tusuk
semuanyg punx ujung agk lancip, tdk tentu tajam
30
nature of force stabing
dynamic, meliputi pergerakan yg relatif komplek
31
faktor yg mempengaruhi byknx kekuatan yg dbutuhkn utk menusuk
1. ketajaman bagian ujung senjata. 2. ktajaman bagian yg utk memotong(pisau) 3. gerakannx dinamis amtara korban n penyerang. 4. baju yg tpenetrasi dpt ngaruh k resistensi penetrasi. 5. resistensi kulit kecil klo krn pisau, besar klo kna tulang
32
chop/bacok ciri khasnx?
blade g tajam n biasanx berat misal kapak, lukanx mix antara jenis yg tajam n tumpul, bs tjd fraktur n amputasi
33
beda celah pd stab wound bdasar alur kulit
mengikuti alur kulit : tarikan kluar/nonjol lbh pendek n lbh lebar. paralel thd alur : tmp tarikannx memanjang, ujungnx menutup
34
ukuran luka tgt
bentuk n ukuran senjata, kedalaman luka tusukan
35
klo pisau bputar atau membelit maka btk lukanx
irregular/triangular, luka melebar
36
luka yg apex tajam n mbtk v n sisi lain bulat n tumpul(split each side/fishtail) sering pd jenis pisau
pisau dapur (sisi tajam n ada sisi tumpul)
37
stabing dgn obyek tumpul, lukanx?
blekuk, robek, memar pd tmp penetrasi, btk tgt bentuk benda tumpul
38
luka tusukan krn gunting
z-shaped,
39
luka tusukan krn chisel (utk pahatan pohon)
rectangular shaped(persegi pjg)
40
ciri luka pada tinju pada badan yg bsentuhan dgn tulang
tgt kekuatan n bs dmn saja; jenis luka bs bruises, abrasi, laserasi, fraktur;
41
tinju pada bibir
dpt menekan gigi -> bruise, abrasi, laserasi bibir dalam, px intraoral
42
luka tinju pada hidung n dahi
bruise pada periorbital bilateral (black eyes)
43
kemungkinan yg tjd bila dtinju pada abdomen
injury intraabdominal, laserasi mesenterika, ruptur intestinal, injury organ mayor
44
kemungkinan luka yg tjd apabila dtendang ato diinjak
lbh kuat drpd tinju; bekas pola sol sepatu; korban biasanx ada dlantai/tanah; sering pd wajah,kepala, dada, abdomen; skeletal injury bila kuat tendangnx (wajah n costa); pada abdomen bs smp ruptur organ
45
bekas gigitan
bruise/laserasi tgt power; sering tjd pd perkosaan, child abuse, sport
46
ciri gigitan krn serangan perkosaan
leher, payudara, bahu
47
tmp gigitan pada lengan n bokong sering pada
child abuse
48
px odontologi menentukan
bentuk archus/manusia?hewan?. ukuran/anak?dewasa? gigi yg tlibat
49
selain odontologi, px lain yg dperlukan
swab dna. fotografi
50
injury akibat pertahanan melawan pisau
memegang atau mengelak pada tangan yg dominan, dgn kedalaman bvariasi, tdk bkelanjutan n bukan dpermukaan yg datar
51
injury pertahanan dgn senjata tumpul
tjd lengan bawah n atas klo bdiri, punggung, tungkai bagian belakang klo dbawah, bs menggulang n proteksi dgn lengan utk menutupi kepala n kaki mjaga bagian dada
52
defence injury bs tdk ada pada
korban yg tdk sasar, dberi alkohol/mabuk, obat2an, dkekang oleh org lain
53
kasus self inflicted sering tjd pada
gangguan psikiatri/mental, dhubungkan dgn situasi yg mbuat stres n cemas
54
tujuan yg sering pd self inflicted injury
utk motivasi ke org lain(caper, staging assault), melibatkn org lain dlm aksi kriminal, finansial/penipuan asuransi
55
fatal self inflicted contohnx
loncatdr ketinggian/kereta, gigtan dlengan(klaim dserang), luka dkepala n bagian lain, abrasi dgn menggunakan alat utk mfabrikasi
56
self inflicted dgn iris atu dtusuk
tgt individu, sering tjd pd tmp ttt(elective site), irisan sering pd pergelangan tgn n leher, stab sering dprecordium n abdomen, klo hobi -> beda umur penyembuhan luka
57
tmp yg biasanx g da luka pd self inflicted
mata, bibir, nipple, genital
58
ciri khas pd self inflicted
-umur luka bvariasi/ada yg sdh sembuh dtmp yg sama dgn yg baru. -multipel n penampakan, style n orientasi mirip(reaksi alami, menghindari luka berulang). -dominan paralel (injury dtmp yg blawanan dgn area dominan) -superficial injury/minor krn ragu2/tentative/makin lama makin ringan. -area yg bs diakses sendiri n berada dregio anatomi yg sama. -isu psikiatri n sejenisnx spt eating disorder, penyalahgunaan obat n alkohol, -kemungkinan mjd stage kriminal
59
staging of injury or assault
involve others, black eyes n abrasi dlm pd accomplice
60
penyiksaan laporannx berisi
riwayat, riwayat medis, px fisik (px kulit, wajah, dada, abdomen, sistem muskuloskeletal, genitourinari, cns pns), px spesifik n evaluasi
61
bentuk2 penyiksaan
pukulan, trauma tumpul, suspension/strappado/diikat, posisional torture, electric shock, dentslntorture, asfiksi, sexual torture/rape
62
teknis siksaan yg spesifik
1. pukulan d telapak kaki (falanga, fslaka, bastinado) 2. amputasi. 3. posisional (cheera, parrot perch) 4. suspension (palestinian hanging) 5. electrical burn. 6. wet submarine. 7. dry submarine
63
interpretasi pd kasus penyiksaan
1. tdk konsisten( tdk sesuai deskripsi). 2. konsisten (sesuai deskripsi tp tdk spesifik n ada penyebab lain) 3. sgt konsisten (sesuai n sedikit penyebab lain) 4. tipikal (memang khas tjd pada trauma ini) 5. diagnostik (tdk dpt tgantikan penyebabmx slain dr yg tdeskripsikn)
64
riwayat yg perlu dkaji apabila dtg dgn luka
1. waktu luka. 2. diobat? 3. penyakit lain dkulit. 4.baktivitas fisik. 5.medikasi regular. 6. tgn yg dominan korban n suspek. 7. penggunaan obat n alkohol. 8. senjata yg dgunakan. 9. baju yg robek
65
ciri luka yg perlu dkaji
1. lokasi. 2. tenderness. 3. nyeri. 4. penurunan mobilitas. 5. tipe(lebam/abrasidll) 6. bentuk. 7. warna. 8.orientasi. 9. age. 10. ukuran. 11.penyebab. 12. handedness. 13. time. 14. transientness(of injury)

Patologi Foresik (10 decks)

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