Injuries to Thorax & Abdomen - CH. 27 Flashcards by Mia Hebert

name the solid organs that make up abdominal viscera

liver
spleen 
kidney 
pancreas
adrenal glands

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name the hollow organs that make the abdominal viscera

stomach
intestines(s/l)

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as a general rule, blood in cough is an indication of what kind of injury?

lung injury

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what organ(s) would you suspect with a referral pain at the top front and back of the right shoulder - right side under ribs?

liver and gall blader

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what organ(s) would you suspect with a referral pain at the L chest and down the arm?

heart and spleen

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what organ would you suspect with a referral pain at the low back?

kidneys

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describe a cheyene stokes

breathing that speeds up and down and could last from 1-3 min intervals

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describe biot’s breathing

normal breathing to no shit at all

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describe apneustic breathing

big pauses during inhalation

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describe thoracic breathing

no use of diaphragm

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describe how a crackle would sound

popping sounds

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describe how a strider would sound

continuous wheezing

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describe how a stertor would sound

harsh crackling sounds (fireworks like)

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term for snoring

ronchi

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term for crackling and bubbling sounds

rales

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when auscultating the stomach, what should you hear?

gurgling, liquid sounds

no sounds indicate a possible obstruction

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test to use for health of organ?

percussion

hollow organs - make a hollow sound

solid organs - barely make any sounds (dull)

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describe a flail chest

associated with paradoxal breathing - rib section thats fractured will move in opposite direction as it should during normal breathing patterns

rib 5-9 are common to fx

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mng of rib contusions, flail chest, rib fx

swath with pad over top

may reduce symptoms of pain when breathing in or out

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describe a costochondral subluxation/dislocation

mx - traume to anterolateral rib cage

TOP at site + apparent rib deformity

describe rib tip syndrome

s/s
mng?

impinge intercostal nn - sharp/ stabby pain

test: hook fingers to bring inferior ribs down
(+) test produces click

compression wrap and tensor for now - possible joint mobs may help

when you see tracheal deviation, what does that usually indicate?

pneumothorax or tension pneumothorax (air filled in the pleural cavity causing the lung to collapse or be pushed aside)

mx of hemothorax and s/s?

blood being filled within the pleural cavity - due rupture of pleural cavity

difficulty breathing
bloody cough?

s/s of traumatic asphyxia?

mx - direct blow to chest - compression of rib cage - you stop breathing

purple head
conjunctiva of eye becomes bright red

mx/ etiology of sudden cardiac death syndrome?

Marfan's syndrome - weakening of the structures along the vessels - leading to rupture of vessels and aorta hypertrophic cardiomyopathy - thickening of heart mm and chambers become smaller weird course of blood vessel - obstructs coronary artery ventricular tachycardia

what would you hear as you auscultate a person with a heart murmur? what are the two types?

sounds: clicking or whooshing/ swishing 2 types: f(x) al : any heart murmur with no original infection or disease to cause it abnormal: blood flow through a damaged valve

describe commotio cordis?

mx: direct blow to the chest = cardiac arrest blow is usually during repolarization phase s/s - v. fib mng: CPR/ AED

which causes more trauma to an organ? an empty one or distended one?

distended

s/s of kidney contusion

blood in urine | pain and stiffness in lowback

s/sof kidney stones mng?

referred pain in the back / groin can't find a comfortable position but pacing helps burning sensation and blood in urine (maybe) mng: agua

difference between bladder contusion and bladder rupture?

bladder contusion can still allow you pee but itll be painful vs. bladder rupture you can't pee at all

prevention strategy to overcome contusions of kidneys, bladder, urethra

empty out fluids before games and practices watch for distance running

s/s of cystitis or UTI

pain while urinating / blood in urine urge to urinate mng: safe sex , wipe front to back!!

classic sign of urethritis

burning pain while peeing mng: antibiotics

s/s of GI bleeding

bleeding in stools abd. P dehydration

referral pain for liver contusion

right scapular area and substernal area

s/s of pancreatitis

pain epigastric area nausea, constipation potential shock mng: rehydration

s/s of food poisoning

nausea, vomiting lasts 3-6 hrs - 24/48 at most mng: electrolyte replenishment

s/s of IBS

pain in lower abdomen but relieved by pooping - irregular pooping schedule

what are hemorrhoids and how can you mng?

bleeding of the vessels due to pooping - usually heals within 3 wks mng: proper bowel habits 1 tsp of mineral oil to lubricate stool

describe mcburney's point

indication of appendicitis refer to MD

what positions can you put the athlete to ease their pain after a scrotal contusion?

1. kneeling position and bounce up and down 2. supine 90/90 with valsalva 3. cold pack to scrotum if pain doeesn't subside after 15-20 min - refer to MD

what's the time cap for referring to MD afrer suspected testicular torsion?

6 hours

s/s and symptom of injuries to spleen?

Kher's sign referred pain L chest and down arm hx abd. rigidity

explain what a herinia is a the common places for it to occur

protusion of abdominal viscera through the abdominal wall (cause you're weak as shit) inguinal area: weakness of the injuinal canal femoral area: usually through the femoral triangle

s/s of strangulated hernia mng?

TOP of area feeling of weakness and pulling sensations mng: surgery exercise doesn't actually help - awks

management of direct blow to solar plexus?

ensure that the patient can breathe again slow breaths - fast in and long out tx for shock

mng of a "stitch"

1. stretch arm to same side 2. flex trunk and flex abdomen 3. standing on opposite foot and exhaling