Injuries of the LL

Question 1

what is a hernia - give an example -position of this hernia? who are they more common in? why?

Answer 1

A hernia is the protrusion of the contents of a body cavity thru the wall of that cavity

Femoral hernia - protrusion of abdominal cavity contents down the fem canal - swelling/lump

located below inguinal ligament and below and lateral to the pubic tubercle

Common in women more as they have larger fem canals

Question 2

What nerve can be damaged when varicose veins are stripped? what could damage to this nerve result in?

Answer 2

Saphenous nerve
loss of sensation on anterior and medial side of leg and medial side of foot

Question 3

Referred pain in relation to the obturator nerve?

Answer 3

• supplies hip and knee joints
  so hip disease pain felt in knee
• Supplies upper medial thigh
  so pain from pelvic inflammation felt here

Question 4

Meralgia Paresthetica?

Answer 4

Compression of lat cutaneous nerve of thigh
due to tight clothing, pregnancy, obesity
pain, tingling, burning, numbness in lateral side of thigh

Question 5

One of the most common sites for peripheral arterial disease?

Answer 5

Femoral Artery - narrowing of artery - reduces blood supply to LL

Question 6

Which artery when applied pressure on can help control LL heammorhage?

Answer 6

Fem. A.

Question 7

What issue/disease may be associated with the deep veins of the LL

Answer 7

Deep Vein thrombosis – blood clot formed in calf veins for example may travel up the Fem V. and eventually enter the Pulm. Artery and block circulation
** increased chance of occurring after surgery

Question 8

Which vein in the LL is frequently used for venous access

Answer 8

Fem V - easy access for patients who have experienced shock - low BP

Question 9

Function of small muscles of the hip? Name them

Answer 9

• Obturator externus (medial thigh)
• piriformis
• superior gemellus
• obturator internus
• inferior gemellus
• quadratus femoris

They pass from femur to hip bone
Thus hold the articulating surfaces of the hip together
Prevent joint dislocation when larger musc. of the hip are moving the joint

Question 10

Intramuscular injections in gluteal region?

Answer 10

Upper lateral quadrant

Question 11

Sciatica?

Answer 11

Pain extending from buttocks to the heel

Caused by pressure on sciatic n. or its roots

Most commonly caused by a slipped disc in levels L4/L5 or L5/S1

Injury to sciatic n. can be caused due to posterior dislocation of the hip joint

Question 12

What might posterior dislocation of hip injure?

Answer 12

Sciatic nerve