Injections

Question 1

OSHA Needlestick Safety and Prevention Act

Answer 1

this means that engineering controls must be implemented to eliminate or reduce the risk of exposure to bloodborne pathogens

ex. sharps container, self-sheathing, safety needles

Question 2

Needles and syringes which break the protective skin layer should…

Answer 2

Must be sterile
Check expiration date
Check the integrity of the container

Question 3

Gauge

Answer 3

diameter of the lumen of the needle

The lower the gauge number, the wider the lumen

Gauge ranges from 14-31

14-largest
31-smallest

Question 4

Intradermal (ID)
needle gauge and length?

Answer 4

gauge - 27-28
length - 3/8 inch

Question 5

Subscutaneous (SC)
needle gauge and length?

Answer 5

gauge - 25-26
length - 1/2 inch, 5/8 inch

Question 6

Intramuscular (IM)
needle gauge and length?

Answer 6

gauge - 20-23
length - 1 to 3 inches (depending on muscle and patient size)

Question 7

Anaphylaxis

Answer 7

allergic reaction

Question 8

Which absorbs faster?

Answer 8

medication administered intramuscularly absorbs more rapidly than an oral, subcutaneous, or intradermal medication

Question 9

6 rights of medication administration

Answer 9

right patient
right medication
right dose
right route
right time
right documentation

Question 10

IM injection

Answer 10

Muscle sites and injection location:
1. deltoid muscle
–» 1 to 2 inches below acromion

2. ventrogluteal muscle
   –» place heel of hand on greater trochanter (right hand placed on left hip and left hand places on right hip). middle finger placed on iliac crest and fingers are spread. Give injection where V is made between index finger and thumb.
3. vastus lateralis muscle
   –» mid to upper outer thigh

90 degree angle
Do NOT aspirate VACCINES - most other medications via this route should be aspirated

Question 11

Subcutaneous

Answer 11

45 degree angle
Do NOT aspirate for vaccines, insulin, heparin
Aspirate for most other types of medications

-Common sites: upper outer arm, abdomen, thigh
-When regularly used for health maintenance, sites should be rotated
-When administer heparin or insulin site should NOT be massaged

Question 12

Intradermal

Answer 12

10-15 degree angle
Do NOT aspirate

-Used for testing
-Presence of wheel is expected
-Do NOT massage or apply pressure to site
-Most common site for TB testing is mid forearm
-Allergy testing usually done on the back

-When using forearm, measure using one hand width from the wrist & one hand width from the elbow.
Any area within the anterior forearm visible is acceptable for injection