injectables Flashcards
1
Q
Propofol
onset? route? side-effects? shelf life?
A
- fast acting and lasts 10-15 minutes (safe for CRI)
- no problem if given perivascular
- short cardiovascular depression
- apnea, resp. depression, decrease CO -> increased HR
- CNS friendly (dec. ICP, protective for brain ischemia) but seizure like activity after eliminated
- contamination after 6hrs (bc of Egg lecithin), but with 2% Benzyl Alcohol, shelf life increased to 28 days (2 yr unopened)
2
Q
Ketamine
A
- Dissociative, Analgesic, increases sympathetic tone
- poor muscle relaxant (use Benzodiazapine for induction), maintained reflexes
- violent recovery
- increases ICP, CBF, IOP
- decreases seizures threshold
- apnea, apneustic breathing
- increases myocardium work load
3
Q
Telazol
A
- Dissociative like ketamine but comprised of 1:1 Tiletamine and Zolazepam
- smaller volume (powder used with sterile water)
- side-effects mimic ketamine
- rough recovery without pre-meds
- can be constituted with Ketamine and Alpha 2
4
Q
Etomidate
A
- minimal cardiovascular changes, good for cardiac patients
- adrenal suppression (so don’t use on septic patients!)
- poor muscle relaxation
- combined with opioid or benzo for induction
- expensive
5
Q
Opioids
A
- fentanyl (short acting) or hydromorphone (long acting) bolus
- decreases HR and ventilation
- reversible
- analgesic
- no myocardial depression
- inc. ICP if hypoventilating
6
Q
Alfaxalone
A
- fast acting
- no problem perivascular
- short cardiovascular depression
- apnea, respiratory depression
- CNS friendly
- can be given IM
7
Q
Generally anesthetics are ____soluble and ________.
A
liposoluble and highly protein bound.
8
Q
What causes an animal to wake up from anesthesia?
A
REDISTRIBUTION of the drug
9
Q
Once tissues are saturated with a drug what will decrease plasma concentration of the drug?
A
Elimination
10
Q
Injectable anesthetics that can be given IM?
A
Ketamine and Alfaxalone
