Injectables Flashcards
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how do you withdraw medication from a vial?
-clean the vial
-pull back the plunger to the desired amount and remove the cap on the needle
-Peirce vial at 90 degrees and inject air
-invert and aspirate
how to minimize discomfort with injections
-smallest needle possible
-select the proper site
-stabilize the skin
-smooth and quick poke with a slow release of medication
what angle to administer muscular
90
what angle to administer subq
45-90
what angle to administer dermal
15
subq sites
abdomen away from the belly button
outer arm
outer thigh
upper buttock
scapula
rules for giving subq injection
rotate sights, do not aspirate, do not massage, no more than 1ml
what is the onset, peak, and duration of rapid-acting insulin
O: 15-30 minutes
P: 30 minutes - 2.5 hours
D: 3-6 hours
examples of rapid-acting insulin
aspart, glulisine, lispro
what is the onset, peak, and duration of short-acting insulin
O: 30-60 minutes
P: 1-5 hours
D: 6-10 hours
examples of short-acting insulin
regular insulin
what is the onset, peak, and duration of intermediate-acting insulin
O: 1-2 hours
P: 4-12 hours
D: 16 hours
examples of intermediate-acting insulin
NPH and isphane
what is the onset, peak, and duration of long-acting insulin
O: 3-4 hours
P: Continuous
D: 24 hours
examples of long-acting insulin
determir and glargine
where to give IM shots
deltoid – less than one ml
ventrogluteal – up to 3 ml
vastus lateralis – up to 2 ml
signs of IV infiltration
swelling, pallor, coolness, pain
what is IV infiltration
fluid enters surrounding space
what to do with infiltration
disconnect, raise the extremity, and apply a warm compress
signs of phlebitis
pain, edema, erythema, increased temperature, redness traveling the vein
risks of phlebitis
blood clots
when drawing up two insulins which order do you do?
regular then NPH
