Inheritance terms H/W Flashcards
Genotype
All DNA makeup of an organism.
Phenotype
Observable characteristics of an organism dependant on the interactions between the genotype and the environment.
Alleles
One of a number of alternative forms of a gene.
Gene.
Section of DNA on a chromosome coding for one or more polypeptides.
Chromosome.
Thread like strcuture made of proteins and DNA by which hereditory information is physically passed from one generation to the next.
Homologous Chromosomes.
Pair of chromosomes that have the same Loci. So determine the same features. However the alleles of the genes may vary between them.
Homozygous.
Same alleles.
Heterozygous.
Different alleles.
Dominant allele.
An allele that is always expressed in the phenotype of an organism.
Recessive allele.
An alleles effect shows in a phenotype of a diploid organism. But only in the presence of another identical allele.
Haploid.
Cells that contain only a single copy of each chromosome.
Diploid.
Cells in which the nucleus contains two sets of chromosomes.
Co-dominant alleles.
When both alleles for one gene in a heterozygous organism contribute to the phenotype.
Multiple alleles.
A gene that has more than two possible alleles.
Mutation.
A sudden change in the amount or the arrangement of the genetic material in the cell.
